High pressure synthesis and characterization of precious metal borates and silicates

计划研究项目的主要目标是合成非常碱性的贵金属化合物，但到目前为止还不清楚。由于贵金属的惰性，合成新化合物需要特殊的反应条件。就本研究目的而言，这些特殊的反应条件是通过施加极高的压力和高温来实现的。因此，通过纯净的贵金属和/或其相应的衍生物与足够的硼和硅物种在高压-高温条件下反应，可以获得几乎未被开发的贵金属硼酸盐，也可能是相应的硅酸盐。使用固态强氧化介质(SO3、K2S2O8、XeF2)可以稳定贵金属的高氧化态。然而，即使在高压-高温条件下，也打算进行更方便的反应，如溶剂热合成。所得到的固体将得到广泛的表征。用单晶X射线衍射法对化合物的结构和组成进行了解析。此外，还将通过X射线粉末衍射法(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)、拉曼光谱和热重测量等手段对所获得的材料进行表征。如果观察到特殊的氧化态或不寻常的键情况，将应用量子化学和磁化学方法。在东道主研究所，建立了高压-高温条件下的合成程序。此外，还提供了一种多砧板设备。后者允许在高压和高温下合成大量的相应产品。将高压高温条件下合成固体材料的技术诀窍和Huppertz集团的硼酸盐化学专业知识与申请者的丰富经验相结合，主办研究所将是所需项目的最佳地点。此外，该项目还具有发展潜力。特别是，所获得的专门知识可能不仅转移到其他金属，而且转移到其他类别的化合物，从而例如转移到几乎完全未勘探的贵金属碳酸盐。

The main goal of the intended research project is the synthesis of very basic, however until now unknown precious metal compounds. Due to the inert character of the precious metals are special reaction conditions required for the synthesis of new compounds. In case of the present research aim these special reaction conditions are achieved by applying extremely high pressure and high temperature. Thus, the almost unexplored precious metal borates and maybe also the respective silicates should be obtained via reactions of the neat precious metals and/or its respective derivatives and adequate boron and silicon species under high pressure - high temperature conditions. Utilization of solid state strong oxidizing media (SO3, K2S2O8, XeF2) might cause stabilization of high oxidation states for the precious metals. Also more convenient reactions, like solvothermal synthesis are intended, however, even under high pressure - high temperature conditions. The obtained solids will be characterized extensively. By means of single crystal X-ray diffraction the structure and constitution of the compounds will be deciphered. Moreover, the obtained materials will be characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction techniques (XRD), infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy as well as thermogravimetric measurements. If special oxidation states or unusual bond situations are observed quantum chemical and magnetochemical methods will be applied. In the host institute syntheses under high pressure - high temperature conditions are established procedures. Moreover, a multianvil-apparatus is available. The latter allows for the synthesis of large amounts of the respective products at high pressure and elevated temperature. In combination of know-how in synthesizing solid materials under high pressure - high temper-ature conditions and the expertise of borate chemistry in the Huppertz group with the profound experiences of the applicant, the host institute will be the optimal place for the desired project. Moreover, the project has potential for development. Particularly, the gained expertise might not only be transferred to other metals, but also to other classes of compounds, thus for example to the almost completely unexplored precious metal carbonates.