Diagnose von Augenerkrankungen auf der Basis eines neuartigenfunktionellen parallelen Video-Ophthalmoskops.

该项目的主要目的是评估可以使用独特的视频检眼镜测量的新参数的青光眼辨别性能。该电子检眼镜的突出特点是：光学设计可在可见光下进行无散瞳的快速视频采集，低照度下使用时间不受限制，特别选择双波长照明以评估视乳头颜色并补偿变化的照明，集成固定靶以稳定固定，集成闪烁光源以进行功能成像，以及小尺寸使用两个检眼镜同时测量双眼。以下参数可以从采集的双眼短视频序列（约10 s）中计算：心动周期引起的反射变化（幅度、上升时间、两侧间的时移）、视神经头颜色和血管参数。闪烁光照射后，还可以测量参数的变化（变化量、响应时间）。这是第一次能够以约40 ms的高时间分辨率比较两侧参数和闪烁光引起的参数变化。测量结果将被整合到埃尔兰根青光眼登记处（眼科）的工作流程中，该登记处是开角型青光眼（OAG）或青光眼疑似患者的横截面和纵向观察的临床登记处。患者的结果将与正常值和已建立的临床方法的参数进行比较，如眼内压、视野敏感度和视网膜神经纤维层厚度。在正常受试者和患者中的结果将被用来寻找新的参数或参数组合，与已建立的方法相比，这些参数或参数组合可以更早地检测出青光眼。这是埃尔朗根-纽伦堡弗里德里希-亚历山大大学眼科系和捷克布尔诺理工大学生物医学工程系的一个联合项目。在这个联合项目中，捷克团队负责快速数据采集、图像处理和图像分析的软件开发。埃尔兰根小组负责功能性双色平行电子检眼镜的研制、不同应用的临床评价及结果的分析和解释。我们假设这些动态和功能特征以及使用独特的视频检眼镜记录的衍生参数将有助于在早期阶段检测青光眼，这将对治疗以及治疗成本的降低和患者的生活质量产生直接影响。新的快速和易于使用的方法对于青光眼的早期检测是重要的，因为尽管诊断和治疗的进步有所改善，但仍有相当比例的患者因诊断晚而失明。

The main aim of this project is to evaluate the glaucomadiscrimination performance of new parameters that can be measuredusing a unique video ophthalmoscope. The outstandingcharacteristics of the video ophthalmoscope are: optic design for nonmydriaticfast video acquisition with visible light, low light level forunlimited application time, specially selected two wavelengthillumination to assess optic nerve head color and to compensatechanging illumination, integrated fixation target to stabilize fixation,integrated flicker light source for functional imaging, and small size touse two ophthalmoscopes to measure both eyes simultaneously. Thefollowing parameters can be calculated from acquired short videosequences (about 10 s) of both eyes: Cardiac cycle induced reflectionchanges (amplitude, rise time, time shift between sides), optic nervehead color, and vessel parameters. After flicker light illumination,changes of parameters (amount of change, response time) can alsobe measured. For the first time, it is possible to compare parametersand flicker light induced changes of parameters of both sides withhigh temporal resolution of about 40 ms. The measurements will beintegrated in the work flow of the Erlangen Glaucoma Registry(Department of Ophthalmology), a clinical registry for cross sectionaland longitudinal observation of patients with open angle glaucoma(OAG) or glaucoma suspects. Results of patients will be compared tonormal values and parameters of established clinical methods suchas intra ocular pressure, perimetric sensitivity, and retinal nerve fiberlayer thickness. Results in normal subjects and patients will be usedto find new parameters or combinations of parameters that allow anearlier detection of beginning glaucoma compared to establishedmethods. This is a joint project of the Department of Ophthalmology ofthe Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and the BrnoUniversity of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering,Czech Republic. In this joint project, the Czech group is responsiblefor software development for fast data acquisition, image processingand image analysis. The Erlangen group is responsible for thedevelopment of the functional two color parallel videoophthalmoscope, the clinical evaluation of the different applicationsand the analysis and interpretation of the results. We hypothesize thatthese dynamic and functional characteristics and derived parametersrecorded using the unique video ophthalmoscope will help to detectglaucoma in its very early stage, which will have a direct impact ontreatment as well as treatment cost reduction and quality of life of thepatients. New fast and easy to use methods are important for theearly detection of glaucoma because it was shown that despiteimproved diagnostic and therapeutic advancements a significantproportion of patients still progress to blindness, often due to latediagnosis.