Modelling of vibro-acoustic systems with polymorphic uncertainties and its application to tyre road noise

产品的声学质量在日常生活中越来越重要。不幸的是，相同制造工艺的外观相当相似的产品往往显示出它们的声学特性的高度变化，这是基于几何形状偏差或变化的材料参数。因此，需要确定一个置信区间而不是一个确定性的解决方案，以便在新的振动声学系统的开发中进行早期优化。这样做，应该注意到可能会出现不同的不确定性特征，即可变性，不精确性和不完整性。因此，仅仅结合一个特征是没有回报的。相反，需要处理数量的多态不确定性，这是本提案的总体目标。一个代表性的技术例子，强烈依赖于前面提到的行为，是轮胎道路噪音。因此，这个问题已被选择来证明设计过程中考虑多态性的不确定性。到目前为止，其他研究人员以及申请人仅开发了确定性数值计算来预测轮胎道路噪声。通过后者与哥德堡的查尔默斯大学的密切合作，特别是在Leiser Straßenverkehr 3项目（由宝马汽车公司支助）中，可以开发一种非常有效和精确的模型，用于分析轮胎的结构行为及其相关的声音发射。在当前提案中，应扩展该组合-但迄今为止确定性-数值模型，以便将多态不确定性引入轮胎道路噪声模拟。多物理结果的处理，依赖于多态的不确定性，必须纳入新的模式。相对于重要的输出参数，如辐射噪声和滚动阻力的计划优化，需要高效的数值方法，以及减少的问题维度。因此，快速多极边界元法用于声辐射，而波导有限元法被用来表示结构模型。虽然这两种方法已经非常有效，但应通过新的元模型进一步减少计算工作量，这有望提供一种有效的方法来处理当前提案中计划的相当复杂的多目标优化。

The acoustic quality of products gains an increasing importance in everyday life. Unfortunately, rather similar looking products of the same manufacturing process tend to show a high variation of their acoustic properties, which is based on geometry deviations or varying material parameters. Therefore, a confidence interval instead of one deterministic solution needs to be determined in order to allow for an early optimisation in the development of new vibro-acoustic systems. Doing so, it should be noticed that different characteristics of uncertainty may occur, namely variability, imprecision, and incompleteness. Consequently, an incorporation of just one characteristic is unrewarding. Instead, the polymorphic uncertainties of the quantities need to be handled, which is the general objective of this proposal. A representative technical example, strongly depending on the behaviour mentioned before, is tyre road noise. Therefore, this problem has been chosen to demonstrate the design process taking into account polymorphic uncertainties. Up to now, only deterministic numerical computations have been developed to predict tyre road noise, by other researchers as well as by the applicant. In a close collaboration between the latter one and the Chalmers University, Gothenburg, particularly in the project Leiser Straßenverkehr 3 (supported by BMWi), a very efficient and precise model for analysing the structural behaviour of tyres and their related sound emission could be developed. Within the current proposal this combined - but so far deterministic - numerical model shall be extended in order to introduce the polymorphic uncertainties to tyre road noise simulations. The treatment of multiphysical results, which rely on polymorphic uncertainties, has to be incorporated in the new model. The planned optimisation with respect to significant output parameters, such as the radiated noise and the rolling resistance, requires highly efficient numerical methods as well as a reduction of the problem dimension. Hence, the Fast Multipole Boundary Element Method is used for the sound radiation, while a Waveguide Finite Element Method is employed to represent the structural model. Although these two methods are very efficient already, a further reduction of the computational effort shall be established by a new metamodel, which promises an efficient way to handle the rather complex multi-objective optimisation also planned in the current proposal.