Personalized Risk: Changes in risk perception and health behavior after multiple personalized risk feedback

研究项目P5“个性化风险”的主要目标是研究（a）随着时间的推移，健康风险感知的轨迹，（B）随着时间的推移，风险感知和健康行为之间的相互作用（准备-暴露-应对周期，PEC），以及c）在接收到多个个性化的风险相关反馈后，PEC周期的不同阶段中的风险放大和降低机制（“关键事件”）在现实生活中。将在两个工作包（WP）中研究两种类型的风险相关反馈;一种与二级预防（临床生物标志物，WP 1）相关，另一种与一级预防（健康行为，WP 2）相关。将通过客观措施（例如，血压，血脂水平，WP 1）和现实生活行为的生态瞬时评估（食物摄入，体力活动，WP 2）。为了追踪风险认知和风险反馈反应如何随时间变化，将采用多个连续的风险认知和健康保护行为测量点实施纵向研究设计。我们预计，随着时间的推移，依赖于初始的风险认知，风险重新评估和应对措施的差异动态，因此将调查几个风险补偿机制，可能会阻碍风险降低PEC周期。此外，我们还将研究差异准备（自我调节能力）对动态变化的影响。我们假设，对于长期的保护性（适应性）行为变化，事后应对反应，即生活方式的变化，对风险认知的影响是高度相关的。新的数据和发现将有助于推进风险感知和健康行为的理论，并为有效的风险沟通和健康行为改变技术的发展提供信息。

The main goal of the research project P5 "Personalized Risk" is to examine (a) trajectories in health risk perception across time, (b) the interplay between changes in risk perceptions and health behaviors across time (Preparedness-Exposure-Coping Cycles, PEC), and c) risk-amplifying and -decreasing mechanisms in the different stages of the PEC Cycle after receiving multiple personalized risk-related feedback ("critical events") in real-life contexts. Two types of risk-related feedback will be studied in two work packages (WPs); one related to secondary prevention (clinical biomarkers, WP1) and one related to primary prevention (health behavior, WP2). Multiple risk feedback will be tailored to the actual individual risk status through objective measures (e.g., blood pressure, lipid levels, WP1) and ecological momentary assessment of real-life behavior (food intake, physical activity, WP2). In order to trace how risk perceptions and risk feedback responses change across time, longitudinal research designs will be implemented with multiple, consecutive measurement points of risk perception and health protective behaviors. We expect differential dynamics across time that are dependent on initial risk perceptions, risk reappraisals, and coping responses and will therefore investigate several risk compensatory mechanisms that might hinder risk decreasing PEC Cycles. In addition, we will investigate the impact of differential preparedness (self-regulatory competence) on dynamic changes. We assume that, for long-term protective (adaptive) behavioral changes, the impact of post-event coping responses, i.e. lifestyle changes, on risk perceptions is highly relevant. The novel data and findings will help to advance theories on risk perception and health behavior and to inform the development of effective risk communication and health behavior change techniques.