Climate change impacts on Arctic soil and lake microbiomes

没有哪个地方的气候变化比北极更明显。CLIMARCTIC旨在研究气候变化对北极高海拔陆地微生物群落多样性和功能属性的影响及其在土壤和湖泊生态系统过程(N、P和C循环)中的作用。为了更好地预测这些生态系统在未来全球变化下在全球气候系统中发挥的潜在作用，需要这些信息。我们将结合现场和实验室测量和实验，通过研究斯瓦尔巴特群岛和挪威北部土壤和湖泊中微生物沿环境梯度(温度和湿度)的生物多样性和功能，采用空间换算时间的方法。我们将使用下一代扩增子测序和代谢组学方法，特别关注与碳循环(光合作用、呼吸作用、CH4产生)、N和P循环、干燥以及对光胁迫的保护有关的基因。湖泊沉积岩芯的古湖沼学重建将提供(过去200年)关于食物网结构、生物多样性和C、N、P浓度及其在集水区的保留的变化速度和幅度的较长期视角。这些数据将被用于根据土壤和湖泊养分收支-生态系统综合模型预测未来气候变化下的生态系统功能。我们的研究结果将传达给各种利益攸关方，包括媒体、国家保护机构和国际科学政策倡议，如北极理事会和政府间气候变化专门委员会。

Nowhere is climate change more visible than in the Arctic. CLIMARCTIC is aimed at studying the effect of climate change on the diversity and functional attributes of the High Arctic terrestrial microbiome and its role in ecosystem processes (N, P and C cycling) in soils and lakes. This information is needed to better predict the potential role these ecosystems play in the global climate system under future global change. We will combine in situ and laboratory measurements and experiments with a space for time substitution approach by studying the biodiversity and functioning of microbes along environmental gradients (temperature and moisture) in soils and lakes in Svalbard and Northern Norway. We will use next generation amplicon sequencing and meta-omics approaches with a particular focus on genes involved in carbon cycling (photosynthesis, respiration, CH4 production), and N and P cycling, desiccation, and protection against light stress. Paleolimnological reconstructions of lake sediment cores will provide a longer-term perspective (past 200 years) on the rate and amplitude of changes in the food web structure, biodiversity and C, N and P concentrations and their retention in the catchment. These data will be used to predict ecosystem functioning under future climate changes based on a combined soil and lake nutrient budget-ecosystem model. The results of our study will be communicated to a variety of stakeholders including the media, national conservation bodies and international science policy initiatives such as the Arctic Council and the IPCC.