Metaization concept for structural health monitoring

随着信息通信技术的进步和土木工程信息化（工业4.0、物联网、数字工程）的普及，基于分布式传感器网络的结构健康监测越来越受到研究者的关注。对于自动化结构健康监测，配备嵌入式智能的交互式（无线或有线）传感器节点在空间上分布在民用基础设施系统中。被称为“智能结构”或“智能基础设施”的传感器节点能够自主地收集传感器数据，并且能够使用嵌入式算法来真实的实时地处理和分析板上的传感器数据。最近的研究项目表明，不仅算法可以嵌入到传感器节点中;使用适当的分解策略，模型也可以嵌入到传感器节点中，例如混合，多耦合数值模型，以完全分散的方式数字表示被监测的结构。因此，可以预期，下一代民用基础设施评估将不再以监测或模型为基础。相反，一种新的多范式方法正在发展，将基于监测的结构评估和基于模型的结构评估相结合。为了精确地评估质量的结构评估，这是不足以使用当前国家的最先进的方法，拟议的研究项目的目的是开发一个元化的概念，从而在一个整体的元模型架构。元模型架构的技术核心-元模型-是一种元语言工具，用于结构健康监测（SHM）系统的整体建模和数字表示，包括所有系统组件和系统组件之间的关系（也称为“耦合”，“关系”或数学意义上的“传递函数”）。因此，可以预期，元模型体系结构提供的定义良好的形式主义支持面向生命周期的文档和所有与监控相关的信息的持续更新。因此，监测质量，从而结构评估的质量，可以大大提高。SHM中的简约原则，通常被称为“奥卡姆剃刀”，相关的中心问题是要回答的：如何复杂和资源消耗必须模型和如何简单和资源效率的模型可以是为了满足对结构评估质量的要求？为了验证所提出的metalization概念，不同的模型类相关的典型SHM问题将被认为是在一个多阶段的验证策略，使用实验室测试以及从民用基础设施系统的传感器数据在操作中。

With the advances in information and communication technologies and the pervasive informatization in civil engineering (Industry 4.0, Internet of Things, Digital Engineering), structural health monitoring based on decentralized sensor networks is increasingly drawing research attention. For automated structural health monitoring, interacting (wireless or tethered) sensor nodes, equipped with embedded intelligence, are spatially distributed in civil infrastructure systems. Referred to as "smart structures" or "intelligent infrastructure", the sensor nodes are capable of autonomously collecting sensor data and, using embedded algorithms, of processing and analyzing sensor data on board in real time. Recent research projects have demonstrated that not only algorithms can be embedded into the sensor nodes; using appropriate decomposition strategies, also models can be embedded into the sensor nodes, such as hybrid, multi-coupled numerical models, which digitally represent the monitored structure in a fully decentralized manner. Thus, it can be expected that next-generation assessment of civil infrastructure is no longer either monitoring-based or model-based. Instead, a new multi-paradigm approach evolves, merging monitoring-based and model-based structural assessment. To precisely evaluate the quality of the structural assessment, which is not sufficiently possible using current state-of-the-art methods, the proposed research project aims at developing a metaization concept, resulting in a holistic metamodel architecture. The technological nucleus of the metamodel architecture - the metamodel - is a metalinguistic instrument to be used for holistic modeling and digital representation of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems, including all system components and relationships (also: "couplings", "relations" or, in a mathematical sense, "transfer functions") between the system components. As a result, it is expected that the well-defined formalism provided by the metamodel architecture enables a lifecycle-oriented documentation and a continuous updating of all monitoring-related information. In consequence, the monitoring quality, and thus the quality of structural assessment, can substantially be enhanced. The central question related to the principle of parsimony within SHM, commonly known as "Ockham's razors", is to be is to be answered: How complex and resource-consuming must the models be and how simple and resource-efficient can the models be in order to meet the requirements imposed on the quality of structural assessment? To validate the proposed metaization concept, different model classes relevant to typical SHM problems will be considered in a multi-stage validation strategy, using both laboratory tests as well as sensor data taken from civil infrastructure systems in operation.