Digitalization of earth-based construction processes

地面施工过程的数字化

• 批准号: 533200586
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Kay Smarsly
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Digitales und Autonomes Bauen B-1
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/533200586?language=en
• 关键词: Digitalization; earth; based; construction; processes

Earth-based structures have a very low environmental impact and provide a healthy indoor climate to inhabitants, thus representing sustainable alternatives to conventional structures. However, labor-intensive, time-consuming processes and the requirement of manual building skills restrict the productivity of earth construction processes, which are based on a centuries-old state of practice. To overcome the current difficulties, principles of additive manufacturing (AM) and smart sensing technologies may be coupled with earth construction processes towards so-called “earth-based AM”, increasing the quality and advancing the productivity. Through digitalizing earth construction processes, earth-based AM has the potential to transform the current practice for cob, adobe, and rammed earth into a smart manufacturing process. Evidently, to efficiently conduct earth-based AM, a formal description is necessary, which allows adequately gathering, storing, analyzing, and describing the information required for earth-based AM. Furthermore, digital data models, providing the basis for construction robots to “print” earth-based structures without information loss, must be extended or developed anew. The proposed research project aims to advance the digitalization of earth-based AM, or "earth printing", by providing a formal conceptual basis for a new methodology for data modeling in earth-based AM. The methodology will generically define earth-based structures and the overall process of earth-based AM. The methodology, although valid for additive manufacturing in general, is expected to bridge information gaps in the digital workflow of earth printing without information loss, enabling (i) modeling of the parameters and the semantic relationships within earth-based AM (process parameters), including sensing technologies that support process planning, process monitoring, and process control, (ii) integration of earth-based materials into the digital workflow of earth-based AM ("digital material"), including material composition, material properties, and material behavior relevant to extrudability and buildability (material parameters), and (iii) instantiation of the digital models (based on geometry parameters) for designing, simulating, and printing earth-based structures. The methodology will be verified using a verification concept for model checking and reasoning to be proposed for earth-based AM, building upon formal logic, to increase the quality and the productivity of earth-based AM. For validation, use cases will be defined and experimental tests will be conducted using a robotic printing system. As a result, the outcome of this project is expected to provide a formal basis that semantically describes all information relevant to earth-based AM, including structures and processes, to further advance earth-based AM towards smart manufacturing.

土基结构对环境的影响很小，并为居民提供健康的室内气候，因此是传统结构的可持续替代品。然而，劳动密集型，耗时的过程和手工建造技能的要求限制了土方施工过程的生产力，这是基于几个世纪的实践状态。为了克服当前的困难，增材制造（AM）和智能传感技术的原理可以与地球建设过程相结合，实现所谓的“基于地球的AM”，提高质量并提高生产率。通过数字化土方施工过程，基于土方的增材制造有可能将目前的cob，adobe和ramped earth的实践转变为智能制造过程。显然，为了有效地进行基于地球的AM，正式的描述是必要的，它允许充分收集，存储，分析和描述基于地球的AM所需的信息。此外，数字数据模型，为建筑机器人提供基础，以“打印”地球为基础的结构，而不会丢失信息，必须扩展或重新开发。拟议的研究项目旨在通过为基于地球的AM数据建模的新方法提供正式的概念基础，推进基于地球的AM或“地球打印”的数字化。该方法将一般地定义基于地球的结构和基于地球的AM的整体过程。该方法，虽然一般适用于增材制造，但预计将弥合地球打印数字工作流程中的信息差距，而不会丢失信息，从而实现（i）基于地球的AM内的参数和语义关系的建模（过程参数），包括支持过程规划、过程监控和过程控制的传感技术，（ii）将地球上的材料纳入地球上增材制造的数字工作流程（“数字材料”），包括与可挤出性和可构建性相关的材料成分、材料特性和材料行为（材料参数），以及（iii）用于设计、模拟和打印地基结构的数字模型的实例化（基于几何参数）。该方法将使用验证概念的模型检查和推理，提出了基于地球的AM，建立在形式逻辑，以提高质量和生产力的地球为基础的AM。为了验证，将定义用例，并使用机器人打印系统进行实验测试。因此，该项目的成果预计将提供一个正式的基础，语义描述所有相关的信息，以地球为基础的增材制造，包括结构和过程，以进一步推进地球为基础的增材制造向智能制造。