The Common as Imagination and Practice: Infrastructuring toward the Common Good from a Legal Anthropological and Gender Theoretical Perspective

该项目围绕共同利益的概念展开，这是一个修辞和实践生成的概念，指的是“共同”，同时也创造了它。第一个资助期显示了平等和反歧视法律的个别法律设计如何以特定方式塑造集体化进程和两性关系，而第二个资助期侧重于以共同利益概念为基础的提法，并询问如何在与法律有关的论述和实践中阐述超越个人的更大整体的想象力。令人感兴趣的是，哪些“共同”甚至“一般”的概念因此被更新、动员，甚至被拒绝。共同利益被概念化为存在的和可变的，产生于言论和行动中。它通过动员来构成自身，同时具有动员的效果。以城市交通基础设施的实施或重组(案例研究A：机动性改善(“Mobilitätswende”))和助产护理(案例研究B：生育正义(“Gerechte Geburt”))为例，以人种学案例研究的形式处理了陷入困境的一般和新的共同的问题。在这两个研究领域，都分析了公益性基础设施建设的过程，以期看到法律、政治和道德与其情境和交叉性别的政治、修辞和表演之间的相互关系。人种学研究的目的是深入了解如何在面向共同利益的进程中(重新)组织例行公事；提供共同生活的物质和非物质基础；号召并同时组成用户群体；以及创造时空安排。该项目借鉴了关于基础设施建设的实际理论考虑，根据这一考虑，技术和社会系统重叠：基础设施(共同)构成和组织例行公事、主体立场和(部分)公共领域。从道德人类学和性别理论的角度来看，该项目旨在确定纳入和排除共同利益、遗漏和可能的替代参与概念的隐含和明确机制。将审查公益工作是否以及如何与物质和非物质资源的具体处理相联系，从而导致社会空间和基础设施的不同。

The project centres around the idea of the common good, a rhetorical and practice-generating concept that refers to a ‘common’ and, at the same time, creates it. While the first funding period showed how the individual legal design of equality and anti-discrimination law shapes collectivisation processes and gender relations in a specific way, the second funding period concentrates on references anchored in the concept of the common good and asks how imaginations of a larger whole that transcends the individual are articulated in law-related discourses and practices. Of interest are which notions of a ‘common’ or even ‘general’ are thereby updated, mobilised, or even rejected. The common good is conceptualised as situated and variable, produced in sayings and doings. It constitutes itself through its mobilisation and at the same time has mobilising effects.The question of the embattled general and new common is dealt with in the form of ethnographic case studies using the example of the implementation or restructuring of urban transport infrastructures (Case Study A: Mobility Turnaround (“Mobilitätswende”)) and midwifery care (Case Study B: Birthing Justice (“Gerechte Geburt”)). In both research fields, processes of public welfare-oriented infrastructuring are analysed with a view to the interrelation of law, politics and morality with their situational and intersectionally-gendered politics, rhetorics and performances. The ethnographic research is intended to gain insights into the ways in which routines are (re)organized in processes oriented towards the common good; material and immaterial foundations for living together are provided; user groups are called upon and simultaneously constituted; and space-time arrangements are created. The project draws upon practical theoretical considerations on infrastructuring, according to which technical and social systems overlap: Infrastructures (co-)constitute and organize routines, subject positions and (partial) public spheres. From a perspective of moral anthropology and gender theory, the project aims to identify implicit and explicit mechanisms of inclusion in and exclusion from the common good, omissions and possible alternative conceptions of participation. It will be examined whether and how work on/for the common good is connected with a specific handling of material and immaterial resources, leading to intersectional differentiations of social spaces and infrastructures.