The Rock-Tombs of Qubbet el-Hawa North. A new Necropolis and its Impact on Upper Egypt and Lower Nubia

这一长期项目的目标包括对最近在阿斯旺（上埃及）地区发现的名为Qubbet el-Hawa North的墓地进行科学挖掘、记录和出版。科学界直到2012年才知道这个发现点，当时当地的掠夺者发现了这些岩石坟墓。该合资企业是基于阿拉伯埃及共和国文物部和阿斯旺当地检查局与德国合作伙伴之间的双边合作。埃及当局于2014年发出了成立该合资企业的邀请。该地区位于尼罗河西岸，占地约25，000平方米。这座墓地被证明是该遗址主要墓地的直接时间和地理延续，南部约800米。这十座迄今未知的岩石坟墓中的大多数可以追溯到新王国时期（公元前1550 - 1100年）。这一重要时期的一个地区性精英墓地至今尚未确定。新墓地的存在填补了阿斯旺地区对地方行政模式理解方面的一个巨大空白。先不谈盗墓者对墓葬的严重破坏，许多现场发现都可以在庭院中找到。此外，大量的当代陶器仍然保存，这将有助于澄清时间的情况下，详细的类型学研究的基础上，这一特定地区。独特的墓葬建筑和不寻常的精致装饰以及象形文字铭文将突出许多文化方面，如当地的岩石切割墓葬或艺术史学家和风格问题。与其他上埃及nomes和底比斯的住宅特征相比，Qubbet el-Hawa北部的墓地将发挥重要作用。关于人名和所描绘的人物的人学研究-与骨骼和木乃伊的人类学和遗传学调查有关-将提供机会来估计新王国时期古埃及地方政府中努比亚官员，牧师和高级士兵的配额。这是非常重要的参考进一步地层研究，至少有两个岩石切割墓的新墓地可以追溯到晚古王国（约。所有这些综合研究都将以科学文献和在与Qubbet el Hawa北部有关的新特别系列中公布的各个墓葬为基础。这座新墓地的发掘结果将为人们了解公元前2000年该地区的许多不同考古和社会方面提供新的线索。

The objective of this long-term project comprises the scientific excavation, documentation and publication of the recently discovered necropolis called Qubbet el-Hawa North in the region of Aswan (Upper Egypt). The find spot has been unknown to the scientific community until 2012, when the rock tombs had been discovered by local looters. The venture is based on a bilateral cooperation between the Ministry of Antiquities of the Arab Republic of Egypt and the local inspectorate of Aswan together with the German partners. The invitation for this joint venture has been offered by the Egyptian authorities in 2014. The region in question is situated on the west bank of the Nile and covers approximately 25.000 sqm. This cemetery turned out to be the direct chronological and geographical continuation of the main necropolis of the site, some 800 m to the south. Most of the ten – hitherto unknown – rock tombs can be dated to the New Kingdom (1550–1100 BC). A regional elite-necropolis of this important period was unidentified so far. The presence of the new necropolis closes a big gap in terms of the comprehension of local administrative patterns in the region of Aswan. Disregarding the severe damage by the looters inside the tombs, a lot of in-situ findings are traceable in the courtyards. Furthermore a huge amount of contemporary pottery is still preserved, which will help to clarify the chronological situation based on a detailed typological study for this particular region. The unique tomb architecture and the unusual delicate decoration as well as the hieroglyphic inscriptions will highlight many cultural aspects like the local development of rock-cut tombs or art historian and stylistic questions. In comparison with other Upper Egyptian nomes and the residential features at Thebes the necropolis of the Qubbet el-Hawa North will play a significant role. Prosopographical studies regarding the personal names and the depicted persons – in connection with anthropological and genetic investigations of skeletons and mummies – will offer the opportunity to estimate the quota of Nubian officials, priests and high ranking soldiers within the Ancient Egyptian local administration during the New Kingdom. It is of great importance in reference to further stratigraphical studies that at least two rock-cut tombs of the new necropolis can be dated to the late Old Kingdom (ca. 2200 BC).All those comprehensive studies will be based on the scientific documentation and publication of the individual tombs in a new special series related to the Qubbet el Hawa North. The results of the excavations of this new necropolis will shed new light on the understanding of many different archaeological and social aspects of the region in the 2nd millennium BC.