Family Education in two Generations. A Comparative Study of Parenting Practices and Development Concepts between two Generations in East- and Westgermany

这项研究计划调查当今的父母如何在精神上和实践上积极地构建（潜在的）去传统的家庭环境。这项研究是根据过去几十年家庭生活的变化来探讨这个问题的。它这样做的另一个背景是，形成家庭内部关系的自由领域在结构上偶然增加，并且鉴于家庭对教育机构的社会期望日益增加。该项目旨在比较东德和西德的当代父母和上一代父母。这样做是为了在各群体各自的社会条件下，在各代人之内以及在各代人之间，找出在创造教育自由领域方面的差异。该研究系统地对受访父母的世代、社会背景（城市/农村、东德/西德）和教育水平（大学入学要求或以下）施加了配额，并根据进一步的标准（生活环境、家庭形式）进行了多样化。本研究将采用以主题为中心的访谈和叙述，以经验重建不同代父母（通过家庭关系彼此相关）抚养孩子的实践和儿童发展的日常概念。该研究还将使用来自受访父母自己的传记性当代历史贡献（口述历史）来帮助这一实证重建。此外，这些做法和概念将在当前文献的背景下进行解释，这些文献的主题是抚养孩子的各自社会期望（代际情况，公众对教育和家庭的讨论）。严重的社会和政治变化将两代人分开。在父母对儿童发展的观念和养育孩子的方式进行代际比较的背景下，这些变化是重要的。这些社会和政治变化包括，例如：(1)德国东部和西部的分裂，东德在统一期间的过渡过程，整个德国的统一，以及冷战的结束；(2)以新的政治控制战略大力推动全球化，特别是在经济、社会、家庭和教育政策方面；(3)扩大家庭以外的教育服务（日托中心、下午上课的日制学校）；(4)信息和通信技术的技术革命，带来新的文化途径和社会网络的机遇和风险。

The study planned investigates how parents today actively structure the (potentially) detraditionalized family environment both mentally and practically. The study approaches this topic in light of the changes in family life in the past decades. It does so also against the backdrop of the structurally contingent increase in spheres of freedom for forming inner-family relationships and in view of increasing social expectations placed on educational institutions by families. The project intends to compare the current generation of parents with the previous generation of parents fathers and mothers in both East and West Germany. This is done in order to work out differences in the creation of pedagogic spheres of freedom within the groups respective social conditions both within the generations as well as between the generations. The study systematically inflicts a quota on the generation, social background (urban/rural, East/West Germany) and education level (university entrance requirements or below) of the parents interviewed and is diversified according to further criteria (life circumstance, family form). The study will use thematically centered interviews with narration to empirically reconstruct the practices of raising children and the daily concepts of child development among the different generations of parents (who are related to one another through family relationships). The study will also use biographical contemporary historical contributions from the interviewed parents themselves (oral histories) to aid in this empirical reconstruction. Additionally, these practices and concepts will be interpreted against the backdrop of the current literature on the topic of the respective social expectations of raising children (generational situation, public discussion on education and families).Grave social and political changes separate both generations. These changes are important when viewed against the backdrop of a generation-related comparison of parental concepts of child development and styles of raising children. These social and political changes include, for example: (1) The separation of Germany into East and West, the process of transition in East Germany during reunification, German Reunification as a whole, and the end of the Cold War; (2) A strong push toward globalization with new political control strategies, especially in reference to economic, social, family-related and educational policies; (3) The expansion of educational offerings outside of the family (day care centers, day schools with lessons in the afternoons); (4) The technical revolution in information and communications technologies with the opportunities and risks of new cultural avenues and social networks.