NanoEnergy - Carbon-based spherical nanocomposites for electrochemical energy storage

该项目将开发用于锂离子电池（LIB）阳极的新型碳基球形混合纳米材料。我们将把我们的功能化策略应用于转换电极材料，这些材料显示出特别高的能量储存能力。因此，电位电极材料将通过功能化碳基纳米杂化物转化为实际的储能材料。主要设计策略包括：(i)纳米级转换材料；(2)碳纳米结构在电化学循环中形成稳定的导电网络；（iii）活性材料与碳结构的牢固结合或封装，以确保即使在材料分解时活性材料与导电网络的电接触。不同的制备技术将被应用，例如CVD使用硬模板（例如用于原始碳球和石墨烯沉积）和湿化学路线（用于客体分子填充）。制备的样品将通过项目中使用的各种工具进行表征，例如拉曼、FT-IR、TGA、TEM-EDX、SEM、BET、XRD、XPS、原位磁性研究和电子自旋共振。电化学性能将通过循环伏安法、GCPL和电化学阻抗谱进行研究。为了进一步阐明循环后的电化学机理和结构变化，将对特定材料进行原位XRD分析。对于选定的材料，将通过XRD， SEM， TEM， XPS等手段对循环后的材料进行研究，以评估循环对结构和形貌的影响。该项目需要材料科学、化学和物理领域的专业知识，因此需要跨学科的方法。这对双方都有明显的好处，因为没有一个团队可以单独完成任务。因此，我们建议将波兰团队在碳纳米材料及其复合材料的合成和研究方面的特殊优势与德国团队在研究新材料的电化学和物理性质方面的知名专业知识结合起来。我们相信，通过我们的方法，我们可以向前推进，探索一种对锂离子电池阳极有用的新材料。

The project will develop new carbon-based spherical hybrid nanomaterials for anodes in lithium ion batteries (LIB). We will apply our functionalization strategy on conversion electrode materials which show particularly high capacity for energy storage. Thus, potential electrode materials will be converted into actual energy storage materials by functionalization as carbon-based nanohybrides. Major design strategies involve: (i) nanoscaled conversion materials; (ii) carbon nanostructures forming a conducting network which is stable upon electrochemical cycling; (iii) strong bonding or encapsulation of the active materials to the carbon structure in order to ensure electrical contact to the active material to the conductive network even upon disintegration of the materials. Different preparation techniques will be applied such as CVD with use of hard templates (e.g. for pristine carbon spheres and graphene deposition) and wet chemistry routes (for guest molecules filling). The prepared samples will be characterized by means of a variety of tools used in the project, e.g., Raman, FT-IR, TGA, TEM-EDX, SEM, BET, XRD, XPS, in-situ magnetic studies, and Electron-Spin-Resonance. Electrochemical properties will be studied by Cyclic Voltammetry, GCPL, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy EIS. In-situ XRD will be used for particular materials in order to further elucidate the electrochemical mechanisms and structural changes upon cycling. For selected materials, post-cycled materials will be studied by means of XRD, SEM, TEM, and XPS in order to assess the effect of cycling on the structure and the morphology.The project demands expertise in the fields of materials science, chemistry, and physics so that an interdisciplinary approach is required. There are clear benefits for both partners as none of the teams can reach the tasks alone. We hence suggest to combine the particular strengths of the Polish team in synthesis and investigation of carbon nanomaterials and its composites with a well renowned expertise in the investigation of electrochemical and physical properties of novel materials by the German team. We believe that with our approach we can move forward to explore a new class of materials useful for anodes in LIBs.