Fructan biology in cereal grains and its impact on grain morphology, yield, composition, and plant performance

果聚糖是植物界最重要的水溶性多糖之一。尽管果聚糖含量与碳水化合物分配和储存以及对各种非生物胁迫的保护的一般关系，但谷物中果聚糖生物学的遗传和分子背景的研究很少。项目MA 4814/3-1旨在解决谷物中的果聚糖生物学及其对谷物形态、产量、成分和植物性能的影响。这项工作是在阿德莱德（东道主）的ARC植物能量生物学卓越中心（CoE）进行的，并得到了相关合作伙伴的帮助。全基因组关联分析能够剖析与观察到的变异性相关的新基因（任务1）。为了改善相关品系的未来筛选和育种过程，获得了来自上述品系的成熟谷粒的光谱数据。目前正在评估指示特定果聚糖模式的光谱特征，并将其用于果聚糖传感器的开发（任务2）。检测到的扰动，在果聚糖模式的大麦线也相关的信息，粮食形态，产量和组成，以及与植物胁迫耐受值。一个全面的干旱胁迫实验已经进行了控制条件下与选定的子集线。相关性分析将允许在短时间内检测显著关联（任务3）。亚细胞定位研究建立在以前的工作，以证明果聚糖整合到膜，这可能与膜的稳定和活性氧的解毒。鉴定了两种具有特定特异性的抗体，目前正在测试其在免疫组织学实验中的适用性。此外，大麦淀粉和β-葡聚糖突变体与改变果聚糖模式和谷物形态被确定，代表有价值的材料，以获得更多的信息，在谷物中的碳分配的调节（任务4）。申请的延长一年的资助将能够：a）通过表达数据验证检测到的新的遗传-分子关系，B）完成果聚糖传感器的开发，c）完成由澳大利亚资助支持的胁迫实验，以及d）对选定的大麦品系进行免疫组织学分析。在这额外一年中计划的工作将允许高质量地发表有价值的结果，从而支持申请人的载体开发机会。所获得的知识和技术将转移到Julius Kühn-Institut（JKI）联邦栽培植物研究中心的耐霜冻小麦品系小组，Quedlinburg，在返回阶段（任务5）。

Fructans represent one of the most important groups of water–soluble polysaccharides in the plant kingdom. Despite the general relation of fructan content to carbohydrate partitioning and storage as well as to the protection against various abiotic stresses, the genetic and molecular context of fructan biology in cereal grains has been investigated sparsely. The project MA 4814/3-1 aims at resolving fructan biology in cereal grains and its impact on grain morphology, yield, composition, and plant performance. The work is performed at the ARC Centre of Excellence (CoE) in Plant Energy Biology, Adelaide (host) and with the help of associated partners.A panel of genetically profiled two row Spring barley lines has been investigated for perturbations in fructan patterns. Genome wide association analysis enabled to dissect new genes related to the observed variability (Task 1). To improve future screening of relevant lines and breeding processes spectral data from mature grain of aforementioned lines were acquired. Spectral signatures indicative for particular fructan patterns are currently evaluated and used for the development of a fructan sensor (Task 2). Detected perturbations in fructan patterns of the barley lines are also correlated with information on grain morphology, yield and composition as well as with plant stress tolerance values. A comprehensive drought stress experiment has been performed under controlled conditions with a selected subset of lines. Correlation analysis will allow detecting significant associations shortly (Task 3). Subcellular localization studies build on previous work to prove fructan integration into membranes, which is possibly related to membrane stabilization and detoxification of reactive oxygen species. Two antibodies with particular specificity were identified and are currently tested for their applicability in immunohistological experiments. Also, barley starch and beta-glucan mutants with altered fructan patterns and grain morphology were identified, representing valuable material to gain additional information about the regulation of carbon partitioning in cereals (Task 4). The applied grant prolongation for one year will enable to: a) validate the detected new genetic-molecular relations by expression data, b) to finalise the fructan sensor development, c) to complete the stress experiments supported by an Australian grant, and d) to perform the immunohistological analysis of selected barley lines. Together, the work planned in this additional year will allow for the high quality publication of the valuable results and thus supporting the carrier development chances of the applicant.The gained knowledge and technologies will be transferred to a panel of frost tolerant wheat lines at the Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Quedlinburg, in the returning phase (Task 5).