Forms of precarious Employment and self-rated health in Germany

自20世纪90年代以来，德国不稳定就业的相关性有所增加。就公共健康而言，不稳定的就业已成为健康的相关社会决定因素。尽管有一些关于健康和不稳定就业之间的关联的研究，但在德国，对自我评估的健康和不同形式的不稳定就业之间的关系仍然缺乏系统的研究和理解。这项研究在不平等加剧和进展的时代是至关重要的。该项目的目的是在理论基础的基础上研究自我评估的健康和不稳定的就业之间的联系，以及从横断面和纵向的角度研究促成这种联系的中介因素。以下研究问题将被解决：1)目前在德国，自我评估的健康和不稳定的就业之间有什么联系，这种联系是如何随着时间的推移而发展的？2)从纵向的角度来看，自我评估的健康和不稳定的就业之间的因果互动是什么？3)与工作相关的因素(身体和心理社会)和非工作相关的因素(物质、心理社会、行为)在解释工作贫困和健康之间的关系时有什么相关性？4)出勤主义和不稳定的就业之间有什么联系？5)就业史上不同的不稳定就业过程与自我评估的健康有什么关系？分析基于1994-2014年社会经济小组(SOEP)和BIBB/BAuA 2011/12年度就业调查。这两个数据来源都提供了关于健康、工作贫困和解释工作贫困与健康之间联系的中间因素的详细信息。为了在分析中同时使用所有可用的数据，我们将进行统计匹配，将从2011年起整合SOEP和就业调查。其中，回归模型、交叉滞后面板分析、调节和中介分析以及序列数据分析将被用来回答所有研究问题。基于一个明确规定的理论模型，拟议的项目将对自我评估健康与不稳定就业之间的关系以及中介因素的关键领域提供新的见解。该项目将提高我们对不稳定就业对健康影响的理解。它还将缩小健康与不稳定就业之间的联系的研究差距，并支持人们对不稳定就业作为社会学、流行病学和公共卫生之间的界面上的健康决定因素的日益增长的兴趣。

The relevance of precarious employment in Germany has increased since the 1990s. For public health, precarious employment has grown to a relevant social determinant of health. Despite a few studies on the association between health and precarious employment, there still is a lack of systematic research on and understanding of relations between self-rated health and different forms of precarious employment in Germany. This research is essential in times of increasing and progressing inequalities.The aim of the project is to study the association between self-rated health and precarious employment based on a theoretical fundament as well as the intermediary factors contributing to this association from a cross-sectional and longitudinal perspective. The following research questions will be addressed: 1) What is the current association between self-rated health and precarious employment in Germany and how has this association developed through time? 2) What is the causal interaction between self-rated health and precarious employment from a longitudinal perspective?3) What is the relevance of work related (physical and psychosocial) and non-work related factors (material, psychosocial, behavioral) in the explanation of the relationship between working poverty and health?4) What is the association between presenteeism and precarious employment?5) How are different courses of precarious employment in the employment history related to self-rated health? Analyzes are based on the Socio-economic Panel (SOEP) 1994-2014 and the BIBB/BAuA employment survey 2011/12. Both data sources provide detailed information on health, working poverty and the intermediate factors explaining the association between working poverty and health. In order to use all available data simultaneously in the analyses, we will conduct statistical matching that will integrate the SOEP and the employment survey from 2011. Among other, regression modeling, cross-lagged panel analysis, moderator and mediator analyses as well as sequence data analyses will be performed to answer all research question.Based on a clearly specified theoretical model, the proposed project will provide new insights on the association between self-rated health and precarious employment and key domains of intermediary factors. The project will improve our understanding of the health implications of precarious employment. It also will close the gap in research on the association between health and precarious employment, and support the growing interest in precarious employment as a determinant of health at the interface between sociology, epidemiology and public health.