Precarious employment and pension planning

不稳定的就业和养老金规划

• 批准号: 2290541
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2290541
• 关键词: Precarious; employment; pension; planning

This collaborative studentship between the University of Manchester and NEST investigates the pension planning of precarious workers, providing new and urgently required sociological insights into how this growing segment of the population is managing an increasingly privatised and individualised pension system. Private and workplace pensions have historically been provided in the UK by large employers in unionised sectors. However recent government reforms over the period 2012 - 2018 have made provision of workplace pensions compulsory for almost all employees. Although a new market has grown in this sector, a national scheme - NEST - is available to any employer wishing to use it. NEST is a trust-based scheme which now has over 7 million members, and it is anticipated that more than 15 million UK employees will be members of NEST at some point. Median earnings for NEST employees are just £18,500 per annum well below the national average. NEST and many other major providers in these new lower income pension markets have identified the need for well-designed, robust, in-depth qualitative research that helps them understand the challenges, benefits and pitfalls for their substantial customer base. If the new privatised pension system fails, this will leave millions in poverty in later life, and so designing systems that will work optimally for all social groups has become a matter of social justice and social cohesion, as well as being commercially important for providers.This proposed study will investigate how precarious workers manage their economic insecurity in the long term through asking the following questions: How do precarious workers on low pay conceptualise money in its different forms? Do people undertake any form of mental accounting as between these forms of money, especially debt versus saving? What is the role of class, socio-economic status, occupational skill level, and education level in influencing financial decision making for precarious workers? How do current employment characteristics such as work, pay or sector, influence financial decision making and pension planning? How important are transitory employment and other insecurities such as housing, as factors? How do individual characteristics interact with workplace, advice, family and partnership contexts to influence financial decision making and pension planning? How do those in precarious employment understand the respective roles of government, employer, financial advisers, themselves and their family and friends in influencing their own financial and pension decisions? How do those in precarious employment embed thinking about their possible pensions into their own life course narratives and identities. To answer these questions, we aim to conduct semi-structured interviews with 50 - 60 precarious workers in Greater Manchester (GM) operating across the employed and self-employed/gig economy realms. We will aim to interview people earning £12-£20,000 per year, and mostly between the ages of 30 and 45. Data will be transcribed, coded and analysed using a narrative interpretive framework and drawing on theoretical approaches from cultural gerontology including critical lifecourse and gender perspectives. The collaboration will provide insights into the financial services industry's needs for understanding behaviour in this realm that could not be achieved otherwise, giving a unique chance to influence the improvement of long-term financial outcomes for potentially vulnerable groups of people. The collaboration is expecteThe collaboration will provide insights into the financial services industry's needs for understanding behaviour in this realm that could not be achieved otherwise, giving a unique chance to influence the improvement of long-term financial outcomes for potentially vulnerable groups of people. The collaboration is expected to connect the student with numerous stakeholders and networking contacts to take forward in their career.

曼彻斯特大学和NEST之间的这项合作研究调查了不稳定工人的养老金计划，为这一不断增长的人口群体如何管理日益私有化和个性化的养老金体系提供了新的和迫切需要的社会学见解。在英国，私人养老金和职场养老金历来由工会部门的大型雇主提供。然而，最近在2012年至2018年期间进行的政府改革已经强制为几乎所有员工提供工作场所养老金。尽管这一领域出现了一个新的市场，但任何希望使用它的雇主都可以使用国家计划——NEST。NEST是一个基于信任的计划，目前拥有700多万会员，预计在某个时候，将有超过1500万英国员工成为NEST的会员。NEST员工的年收入中位数仅为1.85万英镑，远低于全国平均水平。在这些新的低收入养老金市场中，NEST和许多其他主要提供商已经认识到，需要进行精心设计的、强有力的、深入的定性研究，以帮助他们了解其庞大客户群面临的挑战、好处和陷阱。如果新的私有化养老金制度失败，将使数百万人在晚年陷入贫困，因此，设计一种对所有社会群体都最有效的制度已成为社会正义和社会凝聚力的问题，对提供者来说也具有重要的商业意义。本研究将通过提出以下问题来调查不稳定工人如何长期管理他们的经济不安全感：低工资的不稳定工人如何将不同形式的货币概念化？人们会对这些形式的金钱，尤其是债务和储蓄进行某种形式的心理核算吗？阶级、社会经济地位、职业技能水平和教育水平对不稳定工人的财务决策有何影响？当前的就业特征（如工作、薪酬或行业）如何影响财务决策和养老金规划？临时就业和其他不安全因素（如住房）有多重要？个人特征如何与工作场所、建议、家庭和伙伴关系环境相互作用，从而影响财务决策和养老金规划？那些处于不稳定就业的人如何理解政府、雇主、财务顾问、他们自己以及他们的家人和朋友在影响他们自己的财务和养老金决定方面各自的角色？那些就业不稳定的人如何将对可能的养老金的思考融入到自己的人生历程叙述和身份认同中？为了回答这些问题，我们的目标是对大曼彻斯特（GM）的50 - 60名不稳定工人进行半结构化访谈，这些工人在受雇和自雇/零工经济领域工作。我们的目标是面试年薪在12至2万英镑之间的人，年龄大多在30至45岁之间。数据将被转录、编码和分析，使用叙事解释框架，并借鉴文化老年学的理论方法，包括关键的生命历程和性别观点。这一合作将为了解金融服务行业在这一领域的行为需求提供深入的见解，否则无法实现这一需求，从而为改善潜在弱势群体的长期财务结果提供一个独特的机会。此次合作将为了解金融服务行业在这一领域的行为需求提供见解，否则无法实现这一需求，为潜在的弱势群体提供影响改善长期财务结果的独特机会。该合作有望将学生与众多利益相关者和网络联系人联系起来，以推动他们的职业发展。