A Study on the Distribution and Efficient Use in Towns and Villages of Chinese Semi-arid Region

中国西北地区属于半干旱地区，水资源紧缺。本研究调查了陕西、宁夏、甘肃三省的水资源现状、政策和节约用水的各种措施，并采访了陕西、宁夏、甘肃三省地方政府的用水管理官员和用水协会的农民，特别是对占该地区水资源80%以上的农业用水进行了调查。结果表明，最初实行了水票发放和水权交易，但节水效果很有限。而且水价很低，因为政府把农民的生活放在首位。此外，我们无法确认是否有用水的习俗。

Northwest part of China is a semi-arid region and insufficient in water resources.In this research,we investigated actual situation of water resources, policy and various measures for saving them, and interviewed officials of water management of local governments and farmers of water-use associations in Shaanxi,Ningxia and Gansu Provinces.We especially focused on the usage of agricultural water which amounts to more than 80% of this region's water resources.Findings are as follows.At first Delivery of water tickets and trading of water-rights were executed,but the effect of water saving was very limited. And Price of water is very low because government has priority over farmer's life. Moreover we could not confirm whether there was a custom of water-use or not.