Heterogeneous Resistance Cultures: Linguistic Practices of Resisting from 1933 to 1945

该项目旨在利用一个具有代表性的全文数字化语料库，全面调查语言是如何被用来锻炼抵抗力的，可以建立哪些语言使用模式，以及这些模式发挥了哪些功能。尽管几次呼吁纠正这一领域的研究愿望，但关于1933至1945年间德国抵抗运动的关键文件以前充其量只是关于国家社会主义的选择性语言学研究的主题。该项目旨在系统地考虑抵抗传播的异质性，首先是与不同的社会和/或政治环境的联系，其次是不同立场的行为者，第三是与国家社会主义制度和日益一体化的社会的不同冲突和方法，海德伦·KämPERS研究对其语言进行了研究。为了分析这些抵抗文本，现有的面向行动的话语分析方法构成了一个离散的多维模型的基础，开发该模型的目的是结合上述先决条件，同时从文本表面推断行动模式(如构成现实、身份和关系的行动，以及矛盾、反驳和抵抗的行动)，并确定这些模式的变化。在方法论方面，该研究项目基本上运用了语言解释学。然而，它也提供了定量和定性方法的联系，在分析模型的基础上应用。因此，抵抗传播的研究将考虑当代历史研究的结果，但目的是在抵抗国家社会主义的领域实现不同的语言轮廓。它将使人们不仅能够从抵抗活动的意义上理解抵抗，例如按照积极抵抗和被动抵抗的通常分类，而且还可以从语言使用的角度来理解抵抗，确立国家社会主义制度所执行的公共传播模式的共同和不同因素，以及在该制度下一体化社会的语言使用。对通过这种使用所传授的先前做法和话语的利用的项目研究的目的，既是为了表明在抵制语言使用时对传统的依恋，也是为了引起人们对极权主义条件下语言使用的传统的打破和变化的关注。

The project aims to utilize a representative full-text digitalized corpus to investigate comprehensively how language is used to exercise resistance, which language use patterns can be established, and which functions these patterns perform. Despite several calls to correct the research desiderata in this area, key documents of the German resistance between 1933 and 1945 have previously been the subject of only selective linguistic studies on National Socialism, at best. The project intends to take systematic account of the heterogeneity of resistance communication in particular, explained firstly by the links to differing social and/or political milieus, secondly by the actors differing positions, and thirdly by differing conflicts with and approaches to the National Socialist regime and the increasingly integrated society, the language of which is examined in Heidrun Kämpers study. To analyse these resistance texts, existing approaches to action-oriented discourse analysis form the basis of a discrete multidimensional model, developed to incorporate the above prerequisites while extrapolating patterns of action (such as actions constituting reality, identity and relationships, and actions of contradiction, disproving and resistance) from the textual surface and ascertaining changes in these patterns. In methodological respects, the research project essentially works with linguistic hermeneutics. However, it also provides for a linking of quantitative and qualitative methods, applied on the basis of the analysis model.The study of resistance communication will thus take account of the findings of contemporary historical research yet aims, however, to achieve a discrete linguistic profile in the area of resistance to National Socialism. It will enable an understanding of resistance not only in the sense of resistance activity, for instance in accordance with the usual classification of active and passive resistance, but also in terms of language use, establishing common and diverging factors to patterns of public communication as performed by the National Socialist regime and the language use of the integrated society under that regime. The projects study of the utilization of prior practices and discourses imparted through this use aims to both demonstrate the attachment to tradition in resistance language use and also call attention to breaks from tradition and changes in language use under the conditions of totalitarianism.