Optimizing alternative GRACE data sets for calibration and data assimilation and validation of model results using independent data sets

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This project will contribute to the overarching goals of the RU by (1) providing optimized and alternative GRACE data sets including specific uncertainty information and by (2) leading the validation efforts to assess the C/DA results against independent data. Regarding the first objective, the optimal use of GRACE mascon solutions with tailored correlated uncertainty information for C/DA will be investigated. Furthermore, the consistent treatment of localized water mass signals that are below the spatial resolution of GRACE but large in magnitude and can therefore have a significant impact on the C/DA results will be extended to temporally varying surface water shapes and glaciers, both including uncertainty information. In the second objective, the output of various variants of model runs (with and without C/DA, before and after implementing new model structures) will be validated against observed compartmental water storage changes focusing on in-situ groundwater level changes and high-resolution regional models.