Studies on Intellectualization and Standardization of Quality Evaluation System by Dynamic Characteristics of Agricultural Products

为定量评价农产品在储藏过程中的品质变化及其动态响应，研制了完整农产品的试验性可控震源。该仪器由计算机控制，实现了数据的自动采集和处理。采用线性预测模型来描述产品的动态行为，即自回归模型(AR(10)模型)或自回归-滑动平均模型(ARMA(4，3)模型)，并提出了产品动态的参数表示。分别用基于卡尔曼滤波的Bur‘g最大熵法(MEM)和递推最小二乘法(RLSM)估计AR模型和ARMA模型的参数。结果表明，与AR模型相比，ARMA模型包含的项数较少，可以模拟出用快速傅立叶变换方法估计出的乘积的频响函数。虽然AR或ARMA模型的预测系数与…模型的预测系数相差很大更多的假设是定量地表达产品的动态特性，由于这些参数的多维性，可能很难直观地将产品质量与这些参数联系起来。然后利用马氏广义距离对贮藏过程中的品质变化进行判别分析。判别分析的结果较好，说明判别是在样品间参数方差的影响下进行的，实验装置的改进和稳定激发的实现是必要的，说明该马氏距离的变化可以作为反映品质变化的定量指标。这一距离在储存过程中增加，在不利的储存条件下其绝对值变长。实验夹具配备了形状记忆合金制成的驱动装置，用于处理农产品。基础实验表明，该夹持器具有足够的抓取力，但响应速度较慢。较少

For the Uanatitative evaluation of Quality change of the agricultural products during storage with their dynamic response, the experimental tandom vibrator was produced for the whole intact products. This apparatus was computer controlled to aquire and process the data automatically. The linear prediction models were adopred to describe the dynamic behavior of the products, that is, the autoregressive model(AR(10) mode) or the autoregressive-moving average mode(ARMA(4,3) model), and the parametric representations of the dynamics of the products were proposed. The parameters of the AR and ARMA model were estimated with the Bur'g Maximum Entropy Method(MEM) and the Recursive Least Square Method(RLSM) based upon the Kalman Filtering, respectively. It was shown that the ARMA model containing the smaller number of terms than the AR model could simulate the frequency response functions of the products estimated with the FFT method.Though the prediction coefficients of the AR or ARMA model ma … More y be assumed to express quantitatively the dynamic characteristics of the products, it may be difficult to relate the product quality to these parameters intutively because of their multi-demensionality. Then, the discriminant analysis of the quality change during storage was performed with the Mahalanobis's generalized distance. The results of the discriminant analysis were fairly good it seemed that the discriminant was performed under the influences of the variance of the paramters between samples, The improvement of the experimental appsratus and the realization of the stable excitation will be necessary.It was shown that the change in this mahalanobis distance during storage could be used as quantitative indexes representing the quality change. This distance inctreased during storage and their absolute values became longer under the unfavorable storage conditions.The experimental gripper equiped the driving device made of the shape memory alloy was produced for handling the agricultural products. It was shown through the fundamental experiment that this gripper had the enough grasping force but the slow response speed. Less