CuTAWAY – Conservation And Wood AnalYses

木材是考古研究的重要材料之一。从对木制品的分析中可以获得所用的木材种类、物体的功能以及有关环境的信息。此外，通过树木年代学可以精确定年。因此，保护主要保存为湿发现的考古木器是非常重要的。目前有大量的方法和保护剂用于保护考古湿木。为了比较不同的处理方法，在美因茨Römisch-Germanischen中央博物馆（RGZM）组织的一个项目中，对大约800个考古木制样品应用了不同的方法，该项目由KUR （Kulturstiftung des Bundes）资助。这是第一次对这些藏品进行分析，以量化保护处理的结果（收缩、坍塌和裂缝）以及保护方法对考古木材分析的影响（木材解剖学和树木年代学）。这些分析将通过非破坏性的三维方法进行，如3d扫描、计算机断层扫描和显微技术（拉曼显微镜、光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜）。此外，对样品的分析旨在优化分析和保存方法，以确保保存后木材解剖特征的记录。因此，将详细分析保护材料的渗透和方法的有效性，以得出有关保护处理成功的结论。通过对保存木样的模拟老化试验，对其长期稳定性进行分析和评价。研究结果将被记录在库尔数据库中，并开放访问，但这将保证考古木制文物可以更好地研究和保护后代。为了回答来自多个科学学科的这些不同的问题，一个由保护科学家（Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden k<e:1> nste， SABK和Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz， RGZM）和x射线计算机断层扫描仪器和体积图像分析和重建技术专家（Hochschule Luzern， HSLU）组成的两国团队在这个项目中合作。合作伙伴专业知识的互补领域涵盖所需的所有方面，从而在拟议的D-A-CH项目框架内最大限度地发挥协同效应。

Wood is one of the key materials for archaeological research. The wooden genus used, the function of the object, and information concerning the environment can be gained from the analysis of wooden objects. In addition, precise dating is possible by dendrochronology. Therefore, the conservation of archaeological wooden objects mainly preserved as wet finds is of great importance. A plethora of methods and conserving agents are currently applied to conserve archaeological wet wood. In order to compare the treatments, different methods have been applied on about 800 archaeological wooden samples during a project that had been organized by the Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseum in Mainz (RGZM) and funded by KUR (Kulturstiftung des Bundes). For the first time, this collection will be analysed to quantify the result of the conservation treatment (shrinkage, collapse and cracks) and the impact of the conservation method on the analyses of archaeological wood (wood anatomy and dendrochronology). These analyses will be carried out by non-destructive, three dimensional methods, like 3D-Scan und computed tomography and microscopic techniques (Raman microscopy, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy). Additionally, the analyses of the samples aims at the optimisation of the analysis and conservation methods to ensure documentation of the characteristic features of wood anatomy after conservation. Thereby, the penetration of the conservation material and the effectiveness of the method will be analysed in detail to draw conclusions about the success of the conservation treatment. The long-term stability will be analysed and evaluated by simulated aging tests on conserved wooden samples. The results will be documented in the KUR database with open access, and, however, will guarantee that archaeological wooden artefacts can be better studied and conserved for future generations. To answer this diverse set of questions from multiple scientific disciplines, a binational team of conservation scientists (Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste, SABK, and Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz, RGZM) and experts in X-ray computed tomography instrumentation and volumetric image analysis and reconstruction techniques (Hochschule Luzern, HSLU) collaborates in this project. The complementary fields of the partners’ expertise cover all aspects required and, thereby, maximise the synergetic effects in the framework of the proposed D-A-CH project.