LION – Localization and identification of moving noise sources

声源定位方法广泛用于汽车、铁路和航空工业。许多不同的方法可用于分析静止声源。然而，用于分析移动声源的方法仍然受到由多普勒频移、相对短的测量时间和在大气中的传播效应引入的复杂性的影响。LION项目结合了来自三个国家的四个研究小组在声源定位领域的专业知识：Beuth Hochschule für Technik柏林（Beuth），TU-柏林（TUB）的涡轮机和热声学讲座，位于维也纳的奥地利科学院声学研究所（ARI）和EMPA的瑞士声学/噪声控制实验室。上述机构合作改进和扩大现有的移动声源分析方法。他们希望增加方法的动态范围、空间和频率分辨率，并将其应用于复杂问题，如分析具有强方向性的音调源或相干和空间分布的声源。合作伙伴希望共同开发和验证这些方法，利用这种伙伴关系产生的协同效应。Beuth计划将频域中的等效源方法扩展到位于半空间中的移动源，同时考虑到地面和声在非均匀大气中传播的影响。ARI贡献了声全息、主成分分析和独立成分分析方法，并希望利用其在列车通过测量方面的经验来改进数值边界元方法，包括从固定坐标到移动坐标的转换。TUB开发了移动声源的优化方法和基于模型的方法，并将以大型麦克风阵列作为测试案例提供其飞越测量数据库。EMPA提供了一个基于时变数字滤波器的声音传播模型，特别考虑了湍流和地面效应，还将生成用于验证声源定位算法的合成测试用例。该项目计划为期三年。工作计划分为四个工作包：1）算法和方法的开发，2）方法的虚拟测试环境的开发，3）虚拟测试用例的模拟，以及4）新方法在火车和飞机麦克风阵列测量的现有测试用例中的应用。

Sound source localisation methods are widely used in the automotive, railway, and aircraft industries. Many different methods are available for the analysis of sound sources at rest. However, methods for the analysis of moving sound sources still suffer from the complexities introduced by the Doppler frequency shift, the relatively short measuring times, and propagation effects in the atmosphere. The project LION combines the expertise of four research groups from three countries working in the field of sound source localisation: The Beuth Hochschule für Technik Berlin (Beuth), the Turbomachinery- and Thermoacoustics chair at TU-Berlin (TUB), the Acoustic Research Institute (ARI) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna and the Swiss laboratory for Acoustics / Noise Control of EMPA. The mentioned institutions cooperate to improve and extend the existing methods for the analysis of moving sound sources. They want to increase the dynamic range, the spatial, and the frequency resolution of the methods and apply them to complex problems like the analysis of tonal sources with strong directivities or coherent and spatially distributed sound sources. The partners want to jointly develop and validate these methods, exploiting the synergy effects that arise from such a partnership. Beuth plans to extend the equivalent source method in frequency domain to moving sources located in a half-space, taking into account the influence of the ground and sound propagation through an inhomogeneous atmosphere. ARI contributes acoustic holography, principal component analysis, and independent component analysis methods and wants to use its experience with pass-by measurements for trains to improve numerical boundary element methods including the transformation from fixed to moving coordinates. TUB develops optimization methods and model based approaches for moving sound sources and will contribute its data base of fly-over measurements with large microphone arrays as test cases. EMPA contributes a sound propagation model based on Time-Variant Digital Filters with particular consideration of turbulence and ground effects and will also generate synthetic test cases for the validation of sound source localization algorithms. The project is planned for a period of three years. The work program is organized in four work packages: 1) the development of algorithms and methods, 2) the development of a virtual test environment for the methods, 3) the simulation of virtual test cases, and 4) the application of the new methods to existing test cases of microphone array measurements of trains and aircraft.