Between Enclaves and Integration - Chinese and African Special Economic Zones in Sub-Saharan Africa

经济特区是具有特定法律和规则的国家制度框架的例外，随着中国经济特区的兴起和成功，经济特区再次受到关注。因此，在撒哈拉以南非洲(SSA)和全球南部的其他地区，各国政府目前正在为其区域发展计划采用经济特区办法。目标是集中公共和私人投资，在其国家发展有利于企业的基础设施和体制环境，这些国家的特点往往是国家地位有限、缺乏资本、基础设施赤字和劳动力市场不发达。为此，这些南沙国家政府的目标是建立和主办有效的经济特区，这些经济特区应该在全球生产网络内联系在一起，并通过这些网络促进周围地区更广泛的社会经济发展。此外，自本世纪头十年中期以来，中国开发商也在非洲和其他国家建立经济特区，作为投资基础。在这种情况下，问题是，在多大程度上可以将这种方法转移到与中国有很大不同的国家，这些国家的特点是所述的挑战以及融入全球生产网络的程度有限。这项拟议的研究旨在分析1.在多大程度上和2.非洲和中国开发商在撒哈拉以南非洲以不同方式实施经济特区的原因和条件，以促进区域发展或发展成为解体的飞地。这项研究新颖地将政策转移、飞地和全球生产网络(GPN)的概念考虑结合在一起。实证上，这项研究将分析和比较中国和国内非洲开发商及其在两个不同的SSA国家--埃塞俄比亚和赞比亚--的经济特区。

Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are exceptions to a national institutional framework with specific laws and rules which have gained attention again with the rise and success of Chinese SEZs. As a result, in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and other regions of the Global South, governments are currently adopting the SEZ approach for their regional development plans. The goal is to concentrate public and private investment and develop a business-supportive infrastructural and institutional environment in their countries which are often marked by limited statehood, lacking capital, infrastructure deficits and weakly developed labour markets. To do this, these SSA governments aim to establish and host functioning SEZs which should be linked within global production networks and through that promote the broader socio-economic development of the surrounding region. Furthermore, since the mid-2000s, also Chinese developers are establishing SEZs in different African and other countries as a basis for investment. In this context, the question arises to what extent it is possible to transfer this approach to countries which significantly differ from China and are marked by the challenges outlined as well as a limited integration into global production networks. This proposed study aims to analyse 1. to what extent and 2. why and under which conditions differently implemented SEZs of African and Chinese developers in Sub-Saharan Africa contribute to regional development or develop into disintegrated enclaves. The study novelly combines conceptual considerations of policy transfer, enclaves and global production networks (GPN). Empirically, the study will analyse and compare SEZs of Chinese and domestic African developers and their embedding regions in two different SSA countries, Ethiopia and Zambia.