Coordination Funds

自2012年中期关于高效钙钛矿太阳能电池的报道以来，一类新的混合有机-无机卤化铅钙钛矿半导体引起了全球的关注。在短短几年内，光转换效率已超过25%。尽管这一新兴领域取得了快速进展，包括SPP 2196的许多令人兴奋的研究结果，但对导致这种非凡性能的许多机制的理解仍然有限。在第二个资助期，稳定性和设备性能仍然是主要挑战。然而，我们已经稍微修改了挑战，以适应知识的最新进展，并更多地关注当前重要的研究方向和开放的问题。第二个资助期的主题是：· 前体化学、钙钛矿结晶和成膜机制· 维度（单晶、3D、2D、1D、0 D）和成分调整的影响· 铅的作用和可能的替代品· 降解机制，包括成分和相稳定性· 缺陷的性质、缺陷容限和钝化策略· 基本的电子和光学性质（载流子动力学/输运、电荷复合、界面作用、离子迁移等）· 微米级和纳米级分析· 自旋效应/自旋轨道耦合· 尽管我们已经对许多现象有了更好的理解，但仍然存在一些有趣的开放问题，需要更多的研究来增加我们对这种复杂材料的理解。

A new class of hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite semiconductors has attracted global attention since the reports on high efficiency perovskite solar cells in mid-2012. In only a few years photoconversion efficiency surpassing 25% has been achieved. Despite rapid progress in this emerging field, including many exciting research findings by our SPP 2196, there is still limited understanding of many mechanisms that lead to such an extraordinary performance. For the second funding period, stability and device performance remain the major challenges. However, we have modified the challenges slightly to adjust for the recent advances in knowledge and to focus more on the current important research directions and open questions. The topics for the second funding period are:• Precursor chemistry, perovskite crystallisation, and film formation mechanisms• Effects of dimensionality (single crystals, 3D, 2D, 1D, 0D) and composition tuning• Role of lead and possible alternatives• Degradation mechanisms including compositional and phase stability• Nature of defects, defect tolerance, and passivation strategies• Fundamental electronic and optical properties (carrier dynamics/transport, charge recombination, role of interfaces, ion migration, etc.)• Micro- and nanoscale analysis• Spin effects/spin-orbit coupling• Emerging properties of perovskitesEven though we have gained a better understanding of many phenomena there are still a number of intriguing open questions and more research needed to increase our understanding of this intricate material class.