An ancient industrial district in the southern Eifel – technology, economy and settlement archaeology of the Roman potteries of Speicher

施皮克、赫福斯特和宾斯菲尔德(德国莱茵兰-巴拉蒂纳)附近的地区是罗马西北部省份的大型陶器中心之一。这项申请的初步工作表明，在大约4平方公里的区域内，可能存在多达240件陶器作品，从2世纪到5世纪，这里为出口地区生产了大量陶瓷，远远超出了当地市场的范围。出口的Speicher陶瓷从北海延伸到瑞士。显然，在特里尔的腹地有一个罗马工业区--它本身就是大都市奥古斯塔·特雷维罗姆，后来是帝国住宅。斯皮克尔的罗马陶器已经知道了很长时间。但是，仅仅是发现的巨大范围和密度，实际上意味着良好的研究条件，到目前为止，阻碍了全面的调查。现在，现代勘探方法、科学分析技术、地理信息系统和考古研究的结合将首次有助于系统地解释整个陶器区并将其融入聚落景观。这种有条不紊的宽泛方法将被用来研究斯皮克尔在罗马时代的经济意义。除了对陶艺中心及其组织结构进行空间和时间上的重建外，生产、社会和环境之间的互动也是该项目的重点。同时，为未来出口区的研究建立必要的前提条件。该项目直接融入RGZM长期进行的关于前现代工业区的研究。特别是这种在当地市场以外经营的以出口为导向的生产场所，有助于从考古角度评估古代经济的生产力。只有这样，罗马帝国的经济周期才能在更长的一段时间内确定。斯皮克尔附近的大型陶器可以为此做出重要贡献。

The area near Speicher, Herforst and Binsfeld (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany) was one of the large-scaled pottery centres in the north-western Roman provinces. Preliminary work for this application has shown that in an area of approximately 4 square kilometres, up to 240 pottery works may have existed, where from the 2nd to the 5th centuries large quantities of ceramics were produced for an export area, which reached out far beyond the local market. Finds of exported Speicher ceramic stretch from the North Sea to Switzerland. Evidently there was a Roman industrial district in the hinterland of Trier – which itself was the metropolis Augusta Treverorum and later an Imperial Residence.The Roman potteries of Speicher have been known for a long time. But just the enormous expanse and density of finds, which actually imply excellent research conditions, have prevented a comprehensive investigation to date. Now, a combination of modern prospection methods, scientific analysis techniques, geographical information systems and archaeological studies would facilitate for the first time a systematic interpretation of the entire pottery district and its integration into the settlement landscape. This methodically broad approach will be used to research the economic significance of Speicher in Roman times. Besides the spatial and chronological reconstruction of the pottery centre and its organisational structure, the interactions between the production, society and environment are the focus of the project. At the same time, the necessary preconditions for future studies on the export area are established.The project is directly integrated into the long-standing research on pre-modern industrial districts at the RGZM. Particularly such export-oriented production sites which operate beyond the local market facilitate to evaluate the productivity of the ancient economy from an archaeological perspective. Only in this way, economic cycles in the Roman Empire can be determined over a longer period of time. The large-scale potteries near Speicher can make an important contribution to this.