A study on prevention of "adult diseases" based on geographical comparison of dietary habits

本研究旨在探讨饮食习惯与慢性疾病，特别是胃癌和脑血管意外之间的关系。对高危、中危和低危地区的饮食习惯进行了比较。膳食摄入量通过问卷调查和重复食物研究进行评估。通过一项重现性研究发现，问卷调查非常可靠，在一年的间隔时间里，对福冈大约410名居民进行了随机抽样。对20种食物或食物组的定量摄入量进行了评估。除高盐食品外，不同风险地区的大部分项目差异无统计学意义。事实上，高风险地区摄入的高盐食物是低风险地区的10倍或更多。高盐饮食食盐摄入量与胃癌SMR、脑血管意外呈直线相关。这一发现得到了重复食物研究的支持，该研究表明，盐的摄入量存在显著的地理差异，但碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质的摄入量没有实质性差异。因此，本研究强烈表明食盐摄入(尤其是高盐饮食)在胃癌和脑血管意外的发生中的重要性。

The present study was initiated to examine the association of dietary habits and chronic diseases, in particular, gastric cancer and cerebro-vascular accidents. Dietary habits were compared between high risk, intermediate risk, and low risk areas. Dietary intake was assessed by questionnaire survey as well as duplicate food study. The questionnaire survey was found very reliable by a reproducibility study interviewing a random sample of about 410 residents in one year interval in Fukuoka. Quantitative intake was assessed for 20 food or food group items. No material difference was noted for most items in different risk areas except for high salt food item. In fact, the high risk area consumed 10 times or more high salt food items than that in low risk areas. Straight line relationship was observed between salt intake from high salt diet and SMRs of gastric cancer and cerebro-vascular accidents. This finding was supported by the duplicate food study, which indicated marked geographical difference in salt consumption but no material difference for carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake. Thus, the present study strongly suggests the importance of salt intake (particularly from high salt diet) in causation of gastric cancer and cerebro-vascular accident.