Studies on post-mortem biochemical changes in the muscle of marine invertebrates

1. 低温贮藏过程中，沼虾肌肉中ATP含量显著降低，AMP和IMP积累较多。K值增长缓慢。糖原和糖酵解中间体的含量相对较低，代谢为乳酸。游离氨基酸主要有甘氨酸、精氨酸、脯氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸和牛磺酸。鸟氨酸在贮藏过程中增加，可作为新鲜度指标。脂质含量约为1%，主要成分为磷脂和甾醇。磷脂主要由磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰胆碱组成。在贮藏过程中，EPA含量下降，为主要的不饱和脂肪酸。在-3 C贮藏时，扇贝内收肌中ATP的降解、磷酸精氨酸的减少和章鱼氨酸的增加速度最快，0 C贮藏次之，5 C贮藏时最慢，贮藏初期AMP未大量积累，并产生肌苷和次黄嘌呤。检测到少量IMP和腺苷，AMP通过两条途径分解为肌苷。d-乳酸在储存过程中增加和积累，是糖酵解的最终产物，与八肽一起。d -乳酸似乎是一种有用的新鲜度指标。在海鞘肌ATP贮藏过程中，ADP和AMP降低，肌苷和次黄嘌呤升高。次黄嘌呤是一种有用的新鲜度指标。少量检测到IMP和腺苷，AMP通过两条途径降解为肌苷。K值上升较快。糖原含量2月最低（2-3%），8月最高（8-9%）。葡萄糖在贮藏过程中显著增加，由糖原通过淀粉水解途径形成葡萄糖- 6-磷酸、果糖- 6-磷酸和果糖1,6-二磷酸含量相当高。在贮存过程中，乳酸产生并积累。

1. During storage at low tempeatures ATP in the muscle of kuruma prawn decreased remarkably and AMP and IMP were accumulated. K values increased slowly. Contents of glycogen and glycolytic intermediates were relatively low and metabolized smoothly to lactate. Major free amino acids were glycine, arginine, proline, glutamic acid, alanine and taurine. Ornithine increased during storage and was useful as an index for freshness. Only putrescine was detected as a polyamine Lipid content was about 1%, and phospholipid and sterol were main components. Phospholipid was mainly composed of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. During storage EPA content decreased and was the main unsaturated fatty acid which was autoxidized.2. Degradation of ATP, decrease of arginine phosphate and increase of octopine in the adductor muscle of scallop occurred most rapidly during storage at -3ﾟC, followed by 0ﾟC and slowest at 5ﾟC Large amounts of AMP was not accumulated and inosine together with hypoxanthine was produced at the early stage of storage. Small amounts of IMP and adenosine were detected, and AMP was decomposcd to Inoslne through two pathways. D-lactate increased and accumulated during storage and was an end-product of glycolysis, together with octopine. D-lactate appeared to be useful as an index for freshness.3. During storage of ascidian muscle ATP, ADP and AMP decreased, while inosine and hypoxanthine increased. Hypoxanthine was useful as an index for freshness. IMP and adenosine were detected in small amounts and AMP was degraded to inosine through two pathways. Increase of K value was fairly rapid. Glycogen content was lowest(2-3%) in February and highest(8-9%) in august. Glucose increased remarkably during storage and formed through amylolytic pathway from glycogen Glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, and fructose 1,6-diphosphate were detected in fairly high amounts. During storage lactate was produced and accumulated.