Research Study on School Administration Function of Branch Office of Prefectual Board of Education

在这个项目中，我做了两种类型的调查研究；第一次是1993年在教育局设有分支机构的县和其他县之间进行比较个案研究，第二次是1994年对44个县的288个分支机构进行问卷调查。从这些调查中，我得到了以下发现：(1)大多数办事处是在战前地方行政体制的基础上设立的，所以它们的面积是当地人自然理解的。(2)有分校的地级教育行政管理比没有分校的地级教育行政管理更严密、更有效。由于他们对每个学校的管理方式是限制其自主权，因此应该更加专业化。(3)分校与市教育局之间的学校管理职能关系取决于市的规模。分支机构喜欢给小的市政机构更多的影响。(4)由于分支机构的区域通常与教师调动、教材分发、主管活动等区域重叠，也与一些教师研究协会、学校管理协会的组织单位重叠。因此，这些活动可以相互产生叠加效应。(5)由于市教育局总部、市教育局分支机构和市教育局监事的实际活动和才能各不相同，因此根据年龄和职业的不同进行分配。(6)我能理解分支机构的范围是学校管理的合理和有效的单位，无论是人事管理还是监督管理。因此，如何以分支机构的职能为中心，对地方教育行政单位区域进行重组是一个值得探讨的问题。

In this project, I have done two kinds of survery study ; the first was on the comparative case study between prefecures with branch offices in board of education and others in 1993 and the second was on the questionnaire survey to all 288 branch offices in 44 prefectures in 1994.From these surveys, I have gained the following findings :(1) Most offices were set up on the basis of prewar local administration system, so the area of them is natural for local people's understanding.(2) Prefecural educational administration with branch offices is done tighter and more effectively than others without branch offices. As their administrative way to each school is to limit its autonomy, it should be more professionally.(3) The relation of the school administration function between the branch offices and municipal board of education depends on the municipal size. The branch offices like to give more effect to the small size municipals.(4) As the area of branch office ordinaly overlaps not only with the areas of teacher transfer, distribution of textbooks, and supervisors' activities but also the organizational units of some research and study associations of teachers and school administrators associations. Therefore these activeties can make adding effects in one another.(5) As the actual activities and talents of supervisors in the prefectual head office of board of education, its branch offices and municipal board of education are defferent in one another, their assigment is done according to the different ages and career.(6) I could understand that the area of branch offices is rational and effective unit for school administration both in personnel and supervisory administration. So it should be inquired how to reorganize the local educational administration unit area focused on the function of branch office.