General research on school organizations and actualwork of teachers and school staff in the changing society

1.在本研究中，可以看出现行学校组织的特点是根据学校规模和学生指导困难程度，系统上的统一性和多样性并存。至于教师的工作，由于工作的多样化，他们没有足够的时间去做任何事情。此外，还根据他们的职位增加了他们之间的工作时间差距。今后，各学校要实现学校自治，必须结合自身条件，灵活组织，合理分担工作。学校组织的实际情况或问题可以表现为以下四个方面。(1)各县有各种各样的学校组织和教师工作。这并不取决于行政体制，而是取决于政治背景和教师工会的条件。(2)内部组织管理存在较多形式主义，有必要进行改革。现在通过制定员工会议，可以期望稳定的管理。各学校应根据本规定重新组织教职工会议。(3)各部门负责人的职能要以监督为主。(4)教学组织必须适应每所学校的实际情况。有必要从以下两点作为对教师工作的回顾。(1)扩大双班主任制的管理职能。(2)重塑教师组织结构，缩小教师之间的负担差距。

1.In this research, it could be shown the coexistence of uniformity in systems and diversity according to school size and difficulty of students guidance as the characteristic of present school organization. As to teaches' work, it has been decreasing for them to have enough time to do anything caused by diversification of works. Also it has been increasing the gaps of working hours among them according to their position. It will be necessary to make the flexible organizations and proper sharing of work with its own conditions each school towards establishment of school autonomy in future.2.It can be shown the following four as the actual condition or problem of school organization.(1)There are various school organizations and teachers' work in prefectures. It depends not on administrative system but on political background or condition of teachers union.(2)It is necessary to reform the management of inner organizations, because that they are suffered from much formalism. Now the stable management can be expected by enactment on staff meeting. Each school must reorganize its own staff meeting based on this enactment.(3)The function of chief in each department is to be focused on supervision.(4)Teaching organization must be fitted to own problems of each school.3.It is necessary the following two as the review of teachers' work.(1)To enlarge the two head teachers' system for management function.(2)It is necessary to remake teachers' organization for reduction of the gap of burden among teachers.