Negotiating Air in the Great Bear Rainforest. CO2 Emission Trade in the Context of Resource Use, Conservation and Decolonisation in Canada

排污权交易不仅是一种政治和经济工具，旨在减少工业化国家的大量二氧化碳排放。相反，它已经与全球环境战略捆绑在一起，目前已被确立为自然资源开采的一个有价值的“替代方案”。通过接受这一全球视角，排污权交易渗透到当地人与环境的关系和政治结构中，并对它们产生重大影响。这项研究项目调查了世界上最大的减排项目之一，加拿大太平洋海岸的大熊碳项目，背景是北美土著。将以海尔图克民族和沿海第一民族上级协会为例，审查排污权商品化对其环境和领土关系的影响。因此，当地利用自然资源的战略介于土著非殖民化努力、跨国公司的利益、国际环境运动和联邦生态政策之间。在Bruno Latour、Marisol de la Cadena和Philippe Descola关于人与环境关系的理论思考的基础上，以及Deleuze和Guattari的集合概念的基础上，将审议人类和非人类行为者之间的互动和政治谈判。这项经验性研究的目的是阐明全球排放贸易的后果，并更好地了解北美土著人民不断变化的人与环境关系。

Emission Trading is not only a political and economic tool intended to reduce the vast amount of CO2-emissions in industrialized nations. Rather, it has been tied to global environmental strategies, and has by now been established as a worthwhile ‘alternative’ to the exploitation of natural resources. In embracing this global perspective, emission trading permeates local human-environment relations and political structures, and influences them substantially. This research project investigates one of the world’s greatest emission saving projects, the Great Bear Carbon Project at Canada’s Pacific coast, in the context of North American indigeneity. Drawing on the example of the Heiltsuk Nation and the superordinate association of the Coastal First Nations, the effects of the commodification of emission rights on their environmental and territorial relations will be examined. Local strategies for the use of natural resources are thereby situated between Indigenous endeavors for decolonialization, interests of multinational companies, international environmental movements and federal eco-policies. Building on the theoretical reflections on human-environmental relations of Bruno Latour, Marisol de la Cadena and Philippe Descola as well as on Deleuze’s and Guattari’s concept of assemblage, interactions and political negotiations between human as well as non-human actors will be considered. The aims of this empirical study are to shed new light on the consequences of the global emissions trade and to better understand changing human-environmental relations of Indigenous peoples of North America.