Field Study for Sleep-Wake Habits in Japanese Workers of Different Ages : Individual Differencis of Circadian Phase and Aging.

对1120名18~69岁不同职业的工人进行了日文版Horne和Ostberg早晚行为问卷、生活习惯问卷和A型行为模式(TABP)筛查，调查了早晚得分、TABP和睡眠习惯随年龄增长的变化，并调查了夜间小睡对疲劳恢复的影响。随着年龄的增长，早起-晚间得分显著地向早起转变。随着年龄的增长，习惯性卧床和起床时间明显提前，工作日睡眠时间延长。晨型组的就寝和起床早于晚型组，尤其是老年组。睡眠-觉醒习惯的结果显示，晚型组的习惯性睡眠参数的变异性大于晨型组。晨型…团体越多，情绪就越好。这些结果表明，随着年龄的增长，昼夜节律期提前或缩短。年龄标化的TABP患病率男性为20.2%，女性为9.7%，其中年龄较小的人群为刘易尔，年龄较大的人群患病率较高。两组在退休时间、起床时间、工作日睡眠时长方面无显著差异。从夜间午睡情况来看，午睡和不午睡两组患者的嗜睡评分以及与困倦、迟钝和注意力不集中有关的主诉疲劳的主观感觉均有所增加。然而，研究发现，对于不午睡的小组，这些影响在夜间工作后的恢复期的很大一部分时间内持续存在。因此，可以推测，在夜间工作时打盹在一定程度上可以帮助从工作造成的疲劳中恢复过来。较少

The Japanese version of Horne and Ostberg morningness-eveningness questionnaire, life habits inventory and the screening test for the Type A Behavior Pattern (TABP) evaluated by Tokai group were adiministered to 1,120 workers aged 18-69 in various kinds of occupations, and the changes in scores of morningness-eveningness and the TABP and sleep-wake habits with aging were investigated.On the other hand, a questionnaire was performed in order to investigate the effect to naps during night duty on recovery from fatigue. Morningness-eveningness scores significantly shifted to morningness with increased age. The habitual bed and arising times significantly advanced and sleeping time on weekday were prolonged with aging. The morning type group go to bed and arise earlier than the evening type group, especially older groups. The result of sleep-wake habits showed that the variability of habitual sleep parameters were greater the evening type group than the morning type group. The morning type … More group was the better the mood on arising. These findings suggested that the circadian phase was advanced and/or the period was shortened with increased age. Age adjusted prevalence of TABP was 20.2% in male workers and 9.7% in female workers, in which younger age groups had lewer, and on the contrary, older ones had higher prevalences. No significant differences between the TABP and no-TABP were found in terms to retiring and arising time, and sleep length on weekday.From the survey of night-time naps, both the nap and no-nap groups exhibited an increase in the sleepiness scores and also in the subjective feelings of fatigue concerning the complaints related to drowsiness, dullness and difficulty in concentration. However, it was found that for the no-nap group these effects continued for a large part of the recovery period following night work. It can therefore be surmised that naps taken during night-time work can be to a certain extent aid recovery form the fatigue caused by that work. Less