An morphological study of qubernacular foramen (macroscopically, light microscopically and electron microscopically observation)

1.用Hellman牙龄法对食蟹猴干燥颅骨进行分类，观察了嗅带孔位置和大小的增龄变化。(1)食蟹猴引带孔大小：IC期下尖牙最小，平均0.36mm ^2，上中切牙最大，平均0.58mm ^2。Ⅲ A期，上尖牙最小，平均0.58mm ^2，上中切牙最大，平均1.67mm ^2。(2)2.利用透射电镜观察了3月龄食蟹猴引带管内上皮残留物的结构和功能。结果表明：引带管内充满结缔组织，上皮细胞位于管中心。上皮细胞间质的微细结构与Mallassez上皮残体相似：上皮细胞被基膜包围，并由桥粒连接。在所检查的切片的大部分中，仅观察到少量萎缩的上皮细胞：然而，在牙龈粘膜附近的上皮细胞中，我们观察到含有肿胀的线粒体、扩张的粗面内质网和凝结的张力原丝的细胞，这些异常可能是由于细胞的变性而发生的。在结缔组织的细胞外间隙内观察到明显源自上皮细胞的细胞碎片。另一方面，半桥粒似乎不受退变的影响，这些高度特异性的细胞内和细胞外成分的存在表明存在某些特异性活性，可能包括骨管的维持。

1.Dry skulls of crab-eating monkey were classified by Hellman's dental age, and aging change of location and size of qubernacular foramen were observed.(1) Gubernacular foramen size of crab-eating monkey : AtICstage, lower canine was the smallest (mean : 0.36mm^2), and upper central incisorwas the largest (mean : 0.58mm^2). AtIIIAstage, upper canine was the smallest (mean : 0.58mm^2), and upper central incisor was the largest (mean : 1.67mm^2).(2) Monkey's upper canine size showed less aging change, on the other hand, upper central incisor showed remarkable change.2.Fine structure of the epithelial remnants in the gubernacular canal of a 3-month-old crab-eating monkey was examined by means of transmission electron microscopy to clarify the structure and function of the remnants. The following results were obtained :The gubernacular canal was filled with connective tissue, and strands of epithelial cells were located at the center of the canal. The fine structure of the epithelial atrands was simillar to epithelial remnant of Mallassez : The epthelial cells were surrounded by a basal lamina and joined to one another by desmosomes. In most parts of the section examined, only a small number of atrophied epithelial cells were observed : However, in the epithelial cells near the gingival mucosa, we observed cells containing swollen mitochondria, dilated rough endoplasmic reticurum, and condenced tonofilaments, which abnormalities probably occurred due to the degeneration of the cells. Cellular debris apparently derived from the epithelial cells was observed within the extracellular spaces of the connective tissue. Onthe other hand, hemidesmosomes did not appear to be affected by the degeneration.The presence of these highly specific intracellular and extracellular components suggested the existence of some speciffic activity that probably includes the maintenance of the bony canal.