Mineral nutrition of C4 plants

与C3光合植物相比，C4光合作用的进化导致碳同化率和植物生长的增加。这种增强的植物生长影响了对土壤来源的矿物质营养素的需求。然而，矿物植物营养很少被认为与C4光合作用。通过对具有不同光合作用类型的黄菊属植物的分析，我们发现C3和C4植物在硫化合物的积累和磷的分配方面存在差异。这表明根-冠通讯对调节C3和C4植物对硫酸盐和磷酸盐的吸收和分配具有重要作用。我们在F. robusta（C3）和F.黄顶菊（C4）的硫同化差异主要受根系控制。这些种间移植代表了一个很好的实验系统，以解决这种沟通的机制，在S和P营养。然而，同样的问题，如果不同的调节营养稳态是保守的其他物种与C3和C4光合作用是至关重要的。在这个项目中，我们的目标是解剖的差异，磷酸盐的稳态黄和更普遍的差异，C3和C4物种之间的矿物质营养。这项工作将评估C3和C4植物中矿物质营养的不同控制程度，以及它对C4光合机制的最佳性能有多重要。我们特别希望：1.找出C3和C4黄菊属植物磷累积差异的机制2。确定哪些营养素显示不同的积累与增加程度的C4光合作用在Flaveria 3。测试营养平衡的差异是否在C3和C4物种的其他属中保守

The evolution of C4 photosynthesis led to an increase in carbon assimilation rates and plant growth compared to C3 photosynthetic plants. This enhanced plant growth affects the requirement for soil-derived mineral nutrients. However, mineral plant nutrition has scarcely been considered in connection with C4 photosynthesis. By analysing species of the genus Flaveria with different photosynthesis types, we have shown differences in accumulation of sulfur compounds and allocation of phosphate between C3 and C4 species. It seems that root-shoot communication is important to adjust the uptake and allocation of sulfate and phosphate to different needs of C3 and C4 plants. We have generated interspecies grafts between F. robusta (C3) and F. bidentis (C4) which revealed that the difference in sulfur assimilation is mainly controlled by the root. These interspecies grafts represent an excellent experimental system to address the mechanisms of such communication in S and P nutrition. However, also the question if the different regulation of nutrient homeostasis is conserved in other species with C3 and C4 photosynthesis is of utmost importance. In this project we aim to dissect the differences in phosphate homeostasis in Flaveria and more general differences in mineral nutrition between C3 and C4 species. This work will assess to what extent mineral nutrition is differently controlled in C3 and C4 plants and how far it is important for optimal performance of the C4 photosynthetic mechanism. In particular we want to: 1. Find the mechanisms of differential phosphate accumulation in C3 and C4 Flaveria species2. Determine which nutrients show differences in accumulation with increasing degree of C4 photosynthesis in Flaveria3. Test whether differences in nutrient homeostasis are conserved in other genera with C3 and C4 species