A study of HBV infection, drinking habits and other environmental factors in causation of primary hepatic carcinoma and liver cirrhosis.

本研究旨在探讨各种因素在原发性肝癌（PHC）和肝硬化（LC）发病中的病因学作用。选取的因素包括：乙型肝炎病毒感染、输血史、吸烟习惯、饮酒习惯、饮食习惯等。采用病例对照方法，从医疗记录、血清HBs-Ag滴度检查和训练有素的访谈者访谈对象中获得必要的信息。总体而言，在九州大学医院确定了58名PHC和81名LC患者，并从健康中心招募了129名健康对照者。从库鲁姆大学医院及其附属医院中选择52名初级保健患者和48名对照患者，79名初级保健患者和74名对照患者。主要的调查结果虽然是初步的，但如下：HBV感染是PHC和LC的高危因素。与非携带者相比，携带者的相对风险估计为PHC的10-20倍，LC的5-15倍。2. 输血也被发现是PHC和LC的重要危险因素。九州大学PHC和LC的相对危险度分别为3.1和4.0，Kurume大学PHC和LC的相对危险度分别为3.1和1.8。研究发现，个体之间的饮食习惯差异很大，因此到目前为止还没有确凿的证据。4. 研究还发现，个体之间的吸烟习惯差异很大，目前还没有结论性的分析。5. 酒精饮料消费的作用是一个有趣的课题。九州大学的数据表明，PHC和LC患者比对照组消耗更多的酒精饮料。但是，需要继续研究和进一步分析才能得出结论性的结果。

The present study was initiated to investigate etiological role of various factors in causation of primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) and liver cirrhosis (LC). Various factors selected were: hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, past history of blood transfusion, smoking habits, drinking habits, diet, etc. A case-control approach was employed, and necessary information was secured from medical records, from examination of blood serum for HBs-Ag titer, and by interviewing subjects by trained interviewers.As a whole, 58 PHC and 81 LC patients were identified at the Kyushu University Hospital and 129 healthy controls were recruited from a health center. Fifty two PHC and 48 controls, 79 LC and 74 controls were selected from the Kurume University Hospital and its associated hospitals.The major findings, although preliminary, were as follows: 1. HBV infection showed to be a very high risk factor for both PHC and LC. Estimated relative risks among carriers as compared to non-carriers were 10-20 times for PHC and 5-15 for LC. 2. Blood transfusion was also found to be a significant risk factor for both PHC and LC. Relative risks estimated were 3.1 for PHC and 4.0 for LC at Kyushu University and 3.1 for PHC and 1.8 for LC at Kurume University. 3. Dietary habits were found to vary greatly among individuals, so that no conclusive evidence has been obtained thus far. 4. Smoking habits were also found to vary greatly among individuals and no conclusive analysis has been made as yet. 5. The role of consumption of alcoholic beverage is an interesting subject. Data from Kyushu University indicate that patients of both PHC and LC consumed more alcoholic beverage than did controls. However, conclusive results should be obtained by continuation of the study and further analysis.