Food waste - Patterns of perception and behaviour in the disposal of foodstuffs along the value chain

在过去的几年里，围绕食物处理或负面表达的食物浪费的讨论才开始在政策，规划和学术话语中获得重要性。与其他类型的废物相比，食物废物很少引起关注，首先是因为它往往是无意识的，特别是在私人家庭中，被无形地处理，而不是在正式的废物容器中。此外，在跨学科讨论中，不仅对食物浪费的定义本身，而且对其定量评估、所涉行为者群体、确定食物浪费原因的方法以及因此提出的干预措施都缺乏一致意见。迄今为止进行的调查主要采用行为心理学和社会学的方法，重点是私人家庭，以分析导致产生食物浪费的各种动机。因此，这项调查的目的是扩大食物浪费的话语，考虑到空间方面，这已被完全忽视了。这不仅涉及到微观层面上考虑私人家庭的生活条件，而且还涉及到中观层面上关注特别容易造成食物浪费的（新鲜）食品的生产者和零售来源。私人家庭对食物浪费的态度和看法可以通过其食物的原产地和结构特征（如生产条件或包装尺寸）来解释和进行空间区分。这应该允许行为细分，以确定私人家庭中的目标群体，他们的看法和行为与购物模式和对杂货的定位态度，如地点，地区和家庭。在石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因案例研究区的农村和城市地区进行了定量和定性调查，目的不仅是诊断食物浪费的原因，而且是确定各相关行为者群体之间的沟通类型和程度，以便确定在努力避免食物浪费方面可以吸取的教训。

The discussion surrounding the disposal of foodstuffs or, negatively expressed, food waste has only begun to gain significance in policy, planning and academic discourse in the last few years. In comparison to other types of waste, food waste has attracted little attention, firstly, because it is often unconsciously and, especially in private households, invisibly disposed of, rather than in formal waste containers. Furthermore, there is a lack of agreement in the interdisciplinary discourse concerning not only the very definition of food waste, but also its quantitative assessment, the groups of actors involved, methods of determining the causes of food waste and the interventions consequently proposed. The investigations conducted to date have been dominated by approaches from behavioural psychology and sociology, focusing on private households in order to analyse the diverse motives that lead to the creation of food waste. This investigation therefore aims to extend the food waste discourse by considering the spatial dimension, which has been completely neglected thus far. This involves no longer only considering the living conditions of private households on the micro-level, but also focusing on the producers and retail sources of (fresh) foodstuffs that are particularly prone to food waste on the meso-level. The attitudes and perceptions of private households concerning food waste can then be explained and spatially differentiated using the areas of origin and structural characteristics of their food stuffs like production conditions or packaging sizes. This should allow behavioural segmentation to identify target groups among the private households, and their perceptions and behaviour to be linked to shopping patterns and locatable attitudes to groceries such as locality, region and home. Quantitative and qualitative investigations are conducted in rural and urban areas of the case-study region of Schleswig-Holstein, not only with the aim of diagnosing the causes of food waste, but also to determine the types and extent of communication between the various groups of actors concerned so as to identify lessons that may be learnt in an effort to avoid food waste.