A Study of Early Japanese Emigrant Literature in America

我们对Okina Kyuin保存的文件进行了研究和分类，并与我们的合作者一起制作了他的文件清单。此外，通过对文献资料和《Okina Kyuin全集》的研究，我们澄清了以下几点：关于Okina kyyuin保存的文件：(1)这些文件包括他自己的手稿165件，剪报3417件，日记4卷，寄给他的信件349件。他自己的手稿主要是他的短篇笔记，其中包含了他的小说、散文、剧本和其他作品的情节。他关于以移民社会为背景的戏剧的文章很重要。(3)剪报是决定性的，因为我们发现许多剪报并没有收录在《Okina Kyuin全集》中。有关劳工和经济问题、日美关系以及政治的剪报尤其重要。我们检查的日记是在1909年至1912年之间写的。(5)其中48封信是川岛腾井写的。论活跃在日本移民社会初期的文学人物Okina:(1) Okina所说的“移民社会的文学”随着时间的推移而发生了变化。(2)《冲ina》描绘的女性是二生和三生很难遇到的。(3) Okina的作品和文章受到当时动荡的社会条件的显著影响。(4) 1919年后，Okina在他的作品中表达了日本移民社会所面临的社会和政治问题。(5)各日裔团体参与形成西雅图日裔社区及其经济发展。

After we studied and classified the documents kept by Okina Kyuin, we made a list of his documents in cooperation with out collaborators. In addition, we were able to clarify the following points, after we studied the documents and The Complete Works of Okina Kyuin :1. On the documents kept by Okina Kyuin :(1) The documents were found to consist of 165 of his own manuscripts, 3,417 newspaper clippings, 4 volumes of his diaries, and 349 letters sent to him.(2) His own manuscripts were mainly his short notes which contained the plots of his novels, essays, scripts and other works. His essays on the plays based on an immigrant society are important.(3) Newspaper clippings are decisive, because we found many of them had not been included in The Complete Works of Okina Kyuin.The clippings of the articles on labor and economic issues, Japan and U.S.relations, and politics are especially important.(4) The diaries which we examined were written between 1909 and 1912.(5) 48 of the letters were sent by Kawashima Tengai.2. On Okina as a literary figure active in the early days of a Japanese immigrant sosiety :(1) What Okina termed "literature in an emigrant society" underwent changes as time passed.(2) Okina depicted women whom Nisei and Sansei would find it difficult to encounter.(3) Okina's works and articles were significantly influenced by the turbulent social conditions of the time.(4) After 1919, Okina expressed in his works social and political problems which a Japanese immigrant society faced.(5) Various Japanese groups participated in forming a Seattle Japanese community and its economic development.