A STUDY ON RURAL-URBAN BELATIONSHIPS CONCERNING THE USE OF REGIONAL RESOURCES

Soda，O.，在实地调查的基础上，对城乡关系的历史进行了理论分析。主要分析结果如下：人们普遍认为国家与城市是对立的、复杂的。然而，无论是国家和城市是相互结合的补充。事实上，中等规模的农村城市及其周围的农村地区由于工业和人口向大城市，特别是东京地区的集中而变得贫困，而大约一半的城市人口希望搬到地方地区。在农村，获得稳定的兼职工作和享受城市生活的便利性越来越大。同时，城市居民也在追求充满绿色和自然的生活，追求宽敞的住宅，追求乡村般的舒适，这两方面的要求都应该通过地方城市的产生来实现。在德国，分散的土地政策从早期起就以这样的观点实施。Soda明确了其政策，并坚持认为日本的地区政策应该指导该地区的分散结构，如梳。池上，K。一名调查员，专注于农村和城市社会之间的水的新用途。池上认为，在许多情况下，农业用水与工业和家庭用水竞争。然而，随着城市社会失去自然，城市居民希望保护城市农业用水设施。它们具有自由空间、蓄水、景观缓冲和水生态系统维护等功能。因此，将农业用水设施作为“公地”进行再利用，是实现城乡社会共存的一个方向。

Soda, O., a head investigator, theoretically analyzed the history of the rural-urban relationships, based on the field research. Main results of analysis are as follows.It is generally considered that the country and the city stand in opposition and complications. However, both of the country and the city are combined each other with supplements. In facts, medium size of country cities and rural areas surrounding them became impoverished through the concentation of industries and population to big cities, especially the Tokyo zone, while about half of urban population wish to move to local zones. In the country, it is getting bigger to secure stable parttime jobs and to enjoy convinience of life as in the city. On the while, city dwellers are seeking for the life with full of green and nature, wide house or comfort as in the country, These requests from both sides should be attained by the generation of local cities. In Germany, decentralised land policy has been carried out since early times on the such point of view. Soda made clear its policy, and insisted that regional policy in Japan ought to direct decentralised structure of the region like comb.Ikegami, K., a investigator, focused on the new usage of water between rural and urban societies. Ikegami insists as follows.In many cases, water use of agriculture competes with that of industry and domestic use. However, as urban societies lose nature, urban dwellers desire to conserve water facilities of agriculture in the city. They play roles as free space, drainage stored, buffer of landscape and maintenance of water eco-system. Therefore, it is one direction towards co-existence of rural and urban societies to reuse water facilities of agriculture as "commons".