First-Person Science in Psychology: Theory, Method, Application

心理现象以行为成分为特征(例如，如何明显地注意到某人的注意力？)以及经验成分(例如，我如何体验注意力状态？)。心理学家已经开发了一个丰富的方法论工具箱来解决行为部分，例如通过使用第三人称(例如，实验)询问模式。相比之下，研究心理现象的第一人称或质量本质的方法发展得较少。在过去的几年里，我们已经开始发展这样的第一人称研究方法，以允许更全面地理解一系列主要是第一人称性质的心理现象，例如意识或自我。目前的研究项目a)首次试图通过将其与外部验证方法相结合来验证这一方法；并探索第一人称研究是否可以在更大的参与者群体中与实践进行微调。B)该提案力求为使用第一人称调查作为一种研究工具制定和评估一个系统的方法路线图，并在实地--即在高等教育背景下--加以实施。

Psychological phenomena are characterized by a behavioral component (e.g., how does it become evident that someone pays attention?) as well as by an experiential component (e.g., how do I experience a state of attention?). Psychologists have developed a rich methodological toolbox to address the behavioral component, for example by using third-person (e.g., experimental) modes of enquiry. Methods to investigate the first-person or qualia nature of psychological phenomena, by contrast, are developed less systematically. Over the past years we have begun to develop such a first-person research approach to allow for a more comprehensive understanding of a range of psychological phenomena that are of a primarily first-person nature, such as consciousness or the self. The current research project a) for the first time seeks to validate this approach by aligning it with external methods of validation; and by exploring whether first person research can be fine-tuned with practice in a larger group of participants. b) The proposal seeks to develop and assess a systematic methodological roadmap for the use of first-person enquiry as a research tool and implement it in a field setting – namely in a higher-education context.