Psychological syndromes of mass society and relevant correlational, causal phenomena in macro social system.

我们的研究目的是探讨个体内部心理过程（如对家庭、亲戚、朋友、同学、同事的态度）与宏观社会现象（如工业化、平均教育生涯的变化）之间的相关关系或因果关系，参考大众社会理论。为达到上述目的，本文进行了两项实证研究。[ea03](1)对政府自1970年以来每5年进行的青少年社会态度民意调查数据进行重新分析，发现青少年对亲戚、邻居、朋友等社会态度的周期性变化。基于这一重新分析的结果，有人提出，个人与社会关系的巨大转变反映在20世纪70年代中期美国在制度经验中寻找“真实自我”的趋势下降，而将冲动经验视为揭示“真实自我”的趋势日益增加，如特纳和舒特（1981）所建议的那样。(2)对50名49 ~ 81岁男性进行开放性访谈调查，以确定个人私生活和公共生活史中的重要人物。结果显示，1925年以前出生的受访者的亲属相对重要性大于1926年以后出生的受访者。这一结果表明，我们可靠的人际网络倾向于偶然地从亲戚转变为熟人。(3)基于这些结果，我们认为我们必须根据经典物理学的方法重新审视我们的社会行为研究范式，并建立理解个人过程与社会过程之间关系的方法。

The aim of our researches is to explore the correlational or causal relationships between intraindividual psychological processes, such as attitudes towards family, relatives, friends, and school mates, colleagues and macro social phenomena, such as industrialization, change of average educational career, refering theories on mass society.Two empirical researches were performed to accomplish above purposes.13EA03 : (1) Data of public opinion survey performed every five years since 1970 by the government on social attitudes of adolescents were re-analyzed to find the periodical change of attitudes towards relatives, neighbors, friends, so on. Based on the results of this reanalyzes, it had been suggested that mass shifts in the relationship between individual and society have been reflected in a declining tendency to find the "real self" in institutional experience and an increasing tendency to percieve the experience of impulse as revealing the "real self" as suggested by Tunrer and Schutte (1981) in U.S.A.during middle period of 1970s.(2) An open ended interview survey for identifying the siginificant persons in individual private and public life history was performed on fifty 49-81 age male subjects.Results showed that relative importance of relatives to respondents who were born before 1925 was greater than who were born after 1926.This results suggest that our reliable interpersonal networks were tending to change from relatives to acquaintanceships by chances.(3) Based on these results, we concluded that we had to reexamine our research paradigm of social bebavior accoring with the method of classical physics, and have to establish the way to understand the relations between intrapersonal processes and social processes.