Study on the optimization of hazard-control systems for advanced safety vehicle (ASV) and its safety assessment

先进的安全车辆(ASV)应该实现诸如距离预警系统和紧急制动系统等危险控制系统。这些基本上是必要的，以消除由汽车造成的交通事故。本文的研究成果如下：1.确定了自动驾驶汽车危险控制系统的故障安全/故障可操作结构的可行性。2.距离预警系统(DWS)测量车辆与前面车辆之间的距离，并向驾驶员发出警告，以防止追尾。根据演绎方法估计，该系统将减少70%的追尾碰撞机会和85%的紧急制动系统。3.对于具有计算机的复杂系统，需要一种近似的风险分析方法，因为在这种系统中，硬件故障率等准确的统计数据并不总是可用。提出了一种用于风险分析的A-C模型函数方法，使我们能够在没有准确统计的情况下识别危险和估计事故频率。通过对涉及ASV的系统的分析，证明了该方法的有效性。

Advanced safety vehicles (ASVs) are supposed to materialize hazard-control systems such as distance-warning systems and emergency-brake systems. These are essentially necessitated to annihilate traffic accidents caused by automobiles. It is important to explore the fail-safe/fail-operable structures of the hazard-control systems in order to optimize the systems.The following results are obtained by the present research project :1.The feasibility of fail-safe/fail-operable structures for the hazard-control systems for ASVs is defined.2.A distance-warning system (DWS) measures the distance between a vehicle and the vehicle in front and gives warning to a driver in order to prevent rear-end collisions. It is estimated based on deductive methodology that the DWS will reduce the chance of rearend collisions by 70% and the emergency-brake system by 85%.3.An approximating risk analysis method is necessary for complex systems with computers where accurate statistics such as hardware failure rates are not always available. An A-C model function method for risk analysis, which enable us to identify hazards and to estimate accident frequencies without accurate statistics, is proposed. Analyzes of systems involving ASVs demonstrate the effectiveness of the new method.