Affective Force Fields in Urban Space

是什么让一个城市有吸引力？这个问题具有科学意义和政治意义，因为许多大城市目前面临着人口增长、租金螺旋式上涨以及城市吸引力较大和较小的地区之间的社会隔离加剧的挑战。这些问题在建筑学、城市规划和经济学等学科中得到了广泛的研究。在这里，我们提出要解决更深层次的社会心理机制，推动城市吸引力的集体表征的出现（这里称为情感意义的地方），我们假设的基础，人类的决定，居住地点，交通方式，休闲活动等，为此，我们建议联合收割机的第一个法国PI的专业知识，研究情感判断的地方，使用实验方法，与德国PI的专业知识研究人类交流的情感动力学使用计算建模方法。我们的目标是发展和验证一个数学形式化的理论，情感过程如何支配人类的感知，决策和行为在城市空间。利用社会心理学和社会学的主要理论传统（场论，一致性理论，社会建构主义，情感控制理论），我们提出，个人和集体的意义制造过程产生情感力场，这反过来又约束了人类在城市中的行为。我们将创建一个名为ACT空间（城市空间的影响控制理论）的计算机模型，该模型可以精确预测人类在城市环境中的情感感知和行为。然后，我们将使用创新的虚拟现实（VR）技术，其中法国参与者拥有广泛的专业知识，以寻求ACT空间的生态验证。该项目包括以下方法步骤：（1）编纂一本广泛的概念和描述城市社会互动的小插曲词典，沿着对法国和德国受访者进行的调查得出的情感意义的经验评级;（2）使用（1）中的数据对计算模型进行参数化（3）利用ACT空间生成模拟，探索法国和德国城市文化之间有意义的跨文化差异;（4）一系列小插曲实验，以测试ACT空间的语义预测;（5）一系列视觉实验，以测试ACT空间的空间预测;（6）编制一个城市身份（化身）和设置的视觉库，用于VR环境;以及（7）一系列使用VR技术的实验，以测试ACT空间的行为预测。

What makes places in a city attractive? This question is of scientific interest and politically relevant, given current challenges faced by many major cities with a rise in populations, spiraling rents, and resulting increased social segregation between more and less attractive districts of the city. Such questions have been studied extensively in disciplines such as architecture, urban planning and economics. Here, we propose to address the deeper social psychological mechanisms that drive the emergence of collective representations of urban attractiveness (called here affective meaning of place), which we assume to underlie human decisions about residential location, modes of transportation, leisure activities, etc. To this end, we propose to combine the first French PI’s expertise studying affective judgment of place using an experimental approach, with the German PI’s expertise studying affective dynamics of human communication using a computational modeling approach. We aim to develop and validate a mathematically formalized theory of how affective processes govern human perceptions, decisions, and behaviors in urban space. Capitalizing on major theoretical traditions in social psychology and sociology (field theory, consistency theory, social constructionism, affect control theory), we propose that personal and collective meaning-making processes generate affective force fields, which in turn constrain human behavior in the city. We will create a computer model called ACT-space (for affect control theory of urban space) that makes precise predictions about how humans perceive affectively and behave in urban environments. We will then use innovative Virtual Reality (VR) technology, in which the French participant has extensive expertise, to seek ecological validation of ACT-space. The project comprises the following methodological steps: (1) compilation of an extensive dictionary of concepts and vignettes describing social interactions in cities, along with empirical ratings of their affective meanings derived from a survey of French and German respondents; (2) using data from (1) to parameterize a computational model (ACT-space) to predict the likelihood of specific human-environment interactions; (3) generating simulations with ACT-space to explore meaningful cross-cultural differences between French and German urban culture; (4) a series of vignette experiments to test semantic predictions from ACT-space; (5) a series of visual experiments to test spatial predictions from ACT-space; (6) compilation of a visual library of urban identities (avatars) and settings to be used in a VR environment; and (7) a series of experiments using VR technology to test behavioral predictions from ACT-space.