Surveys on reproductive toxicity of 2-bromopropane in humans

(1)以中国2-溴丙烷厂为研究对象，了解2-溴丙烷对作业工人的剂量-效应关系。对25名工人(女性14名，男性11名)的个体接触水平、血细胞计数、女性月经状况和男性精液指标进行了调查，并对各指标与接触水平进行了回归分析。闭经或月经多见于老年女性。当分析仅在月经正常的女性中进行时，血液学指标与暴露水平之间存在负相关。然而，没有发现其他指数与暴露水平有显著关联。未发现低于10ppm的严重血液学和生殖功能障碍。然而，2-溴丙烷对造血可能产生的不良影响是不可否认的。(2)研究了1-溴丙烷的健康效应。对27名1-溴丙烷厂女工进行了神经病学检查，并对其运动神经传导速度、远端潜伏期、F波传导速度和感觉神经传导速度进行了检测。以25名啤酒厂女工为对照。在1-溴丙烷工厂的27名女工中，有17人的神经学检查显示振动感减弱。暴露组大鼠肢体运动神经传导速度与对照组比较无明显差异，但远端潜伏期较对照组显著延长(37%)。接触组F波传导速度和感觉神经传导速度显著降低(分别为5%和15%)。个人暴露水平的时间加权平均值为0.3-49.2ppm。目前的研究表明，1-溴丙烷在几十ppm的浓度下会损害下肢的周围神经。

(1) 2-Bromopropane factory in China was investigated to clarify the dose-effect relationship of 2-bromopropane in workers. Twenty-five workers (female 14, male 11) were examined on their individual exposure levels, blood counts, menstruation status for females and semen indices for males.Regression analysis of examined indices was made against exposure levels. Amenorrhea or polymenorrhea was found in elder females. When the analysis was conducted just in females with normal menstruation, a negative association was found between hematological indices and exposure levels. However, no significant association was found for other indices with exposure levels. No severe disorders of hematological and reproductive function were found below 10 ppm. However, possible adverse effects of 2-bromopropane on hematopoiesis could not be disproved.(2) Health effect of 1-bromopropane was investigated. 27 female workers of 1-bromopropane factory were examined neurologically and examined for motor nerve conduction velocity, distal latency, F-wave conduction velocity and sensory nerve conduction velocity. 25 female beer plant workers were examined as the control. 17 of the 27 female workers of the 1-bromopropane factory showed a decreased sense of vibration by neurological examination. There was no difference between the exposure group and the controls in motor nerve conduction velocity in the lower limbs, but distal latency was significantly elongated in the exposure group compared with the control (37%). F-wave conduction velocity and sensory nerve conduction velocity decreased significantly in the exposure group (5% and 15%, respectively). Individual exposure levels were 0.3-49.2 ppm in time weighted average. The present study suggests that 1-bromopropane impairs peripheral nerves in lower limbs at several dozen ppm.