Surveys and Research for the Submerged Sites in Genkai Sea

很少有来自海洋的考古证据来详细说明这种交换关系。在这种情况下，水下考古学的学科是准确地获取水下遗址的搜索和发现以及随后的考古调查等过程。如果在研究过程中完成这些过程，我们的研究将有望成为日本水下考古的重要一步。因此，选择位于朝鲜半岛和九州北部之间的根开海作为研究的目的。这片海域一直被认为是通过海底水下考古的方法了解人类各种活动痕迹的合适领域，这次特别关注这一领域，因为在海底看到的沉船的信息是由一名前专业潜水员带来的。20世纪50年代末，潜水员S在根开海打捞沉没的钢船时看到了一辆wo…更多的奥登船只被埋在沙子里。除了这艘船，他还看到了陶器、皮托石、锚杆和珐琅。这些文物在某种程度上可以与它们所属的国家、地区或时期联系起来。因此，我们开展了所谓的沉船作为考古遗迹的研究。第一阶段的调查是由九州冲绳水下考古学会于1994年第一季度至1997年第三季度进行的，在这些活动结束后，由科学研究基金资助的新阶段的调查于1998年开始，九州大学考古系一直持续到2000年。初步调查是为了确定HiksanMaru号的身份，这是一艘1936年在根海-吉马岛东北4.5公里处沉没的钢船；找到这艘船是搜索木船的关键。海参丸于1997年第三季被发现。1998年第四季，在海山丸沉没现场设置了6个测量网格(1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、3B)，其中1个网格的宽度为1800X1800m，并特别选择了侧扫声纳、海底剖面仪和遥控潜水器(ROV)进行测量的3个网格：2A、2B和3A。差分全球定位系统(DGPS)也被用来记录一艘考察船的位置。62艘异常点被选为最有可能是中世纪的一艘交易船。这些点被记录为州坐标(X，Y)、纬度和经度，以及位置(距离、指南针角度和方向)的形式，这是基于HiksanMaru的居中。其中包括“物体3”在内的32个异常被证实不属于该木船，其余30个将留待下一个季节。在1999年的第五个季节，从1997-1998年季节的记录数据中选择了包括“点27”在内的另外27个异常。这个季节的ROV在调查过程中经常出现故障。因此，除5处异常外，所有异常都无法辨认。对岑开海中世纪木船进行了5次调查，但尚未发现沉船为考古遗迹。这项调查将不得不继续进行。较少

There have been few archaeological evidences from the sea to show in detail the interchange relations. Under the circumstance, the discipline of underwater archeology is to obtain preciously the processes such as search and discovery of the submerged sites, and archaeological surveys following. If these processes are accomplished during the research, our research will be expected as an important step for underwater archaeology in Japan. Therefore, the field chosen as a purpose of the research is Genkai Sea lying between the Korean peninsula and the northern Kyushu. This sea has been thought as a suitable field to understand the traces of various activities for human beings by the method of underwater archaeology at the bottom of the sea.This time, it has paid attention especially to this field, because the information which a sunken vessel seen at the bottom was brought by a former professional diver. The diver who salvaged sunken steel vessels in the late 1950's in Genkai Sea saw a wo … More oden vessel buried in the sand. Along with the vessel, he saw ceramics, pithos, anchor stocks, and ink-stone as well. These artifacts can be identified to some extent with their belonged countries, regions or periods. Therefore, our researh of so-called, the sunken trading vessel as archaeological remain has been carried out.The surveys of the first phase were carried out in the first season of 1994 through third season of 1997 by Kyushu Okinawa Society for Underwater Archaeology, and after these campaigns finished, a new phase of the survey with a grant from the Science Research-Funds started in 1998 and continued until 2000 by Department of Archaeology, Kyushu University. The preliminary survey is to identify the Hikosan-maru, which was a steel vessel sunken 4.5km northeast of the island of Genkai-jima in 1936 ; finding this ship is key to search a wooden vessel. The Hikosan-maru was found in third season of 1997. In the fourth season of 1998, six survey grids (1A,1B,2A,2B,3A,3B) were set at the site which the Hikosan-maru sunk ; one grid is 1800X1800m in width, and three grids such as 2A, 2B, and 3A were especially chosen for the survey with Side-Scan Sonar, Sub-Bottom Profiler, and Remotely Operated Vehicle(ROV). Differential-Global Positioning System (DGPS) was also used for recoding the location of a research vessel. Sixty-two anomalies were selected for a most likely medieval trading vessel. These points were recorded as a state coordinate (X Y), latitude and longitude, and the form in the location (a distance, compass angle, and direction), which is based on centering the Hikosan-maru. Thirty-two of these anomalies including "object 3" were proved not belonging to the wooden vessel, and rest of thirty was left for the next season.In the fifth season of 1999, twenty-seven additional anomalies including "point 27" were selected from the data recorded in the 1997 through 1998 season. ROV of this season often broke down during the survey. Therefore, all anomalies could not be identified except for five.Five campaigns for the survey of medieval wooden vessel in Cenkai Sea have been done but we have not yet found the sunken vessel as archaeological remain. This survey will have to be continued. Less