SYSTEMATIZATION OF BUILDING PLANNING, DESIGN, AND RENOVATION FOR EXTENDING FUNCTIONAL DURABLE YEARS

1.对欧洲国家、美国和日本的历史环境保护制度进行了比较分析，明确了日本历史环境保护制度存在的问题。收集了176个改造、改造、改建或改建的建筑案例，分析了导致重新利用而不是拆除的因素。这些因素分为六个因素：1)物理因素，2)社会因素，3)经济因素，4)建筑作为文化遗产的价值，5)经济实用价值，6)作为社会或设计资源的实用价值。发现了20种活化再利用手法，可分为三种类型：1)对既有建筑部件或元素的再利用(4种)；2)内部改造(6种)；3)增加新的空间体积(10种)。通过对公共设施工作人员的访谈，揭示了日常维护中存在的问题。并针对存在的问题提出了相应的对策。对183栋有较详细维修记录的战后建筑(1945年后建成)进行了抽样调查，系统地梳理了建筑维修中的问题。在注重维护和考虑老化的建筑设计中，重要的是要考虑1)耐用性、2)易维护性、3)经济优势和4)灵活性。通过对所谓“奇形楼”维修人员的问卷调查，以及对维修公司员工的访谈，揭示了“奇形楼”的维修问题。然后考虑了维修型设计与形式型设计的兼容性。以大阪市管理的555个公共设施的维护数据为基础，建立了维护水平预测模型，为制定合理的管理规划提供依据。

1. Institutions for preserving historic environment of European countries, USA and Japan were comparatively analyzed to clarify the problems peculiar to Japanese institutions.2. As many as 176 cases of transformed, renovated, converted, or remodeled buildings were collected to analyze the factors which led to revitalized reuse instead of demolition. The factors are classified into six factors ; 1) physical foctor, 2) social factor, 3) economic factor, 4) value of the building as a cultural heritage, 5) economic utility value, and 6) utility values as social or design resource.3. Twenty types of revitalizing reuse technique were found, which can be categorized into three types ; 1) reuse of existing building parts or elements (four types), 2) interior transformation (six types), and 3) addition of new spatial volume (ten types).4. By interviewing staffs of public facilities, problems in daily maintenance were revealed. Then some measures against the problems were suggested.5. As many as 183 post-war buildings (completed after 1945) with fairly detailed maintenance records were selectively surveyed to systematically sort out the problems in building maintenance. In maintenance-conscious and aging- conscious building design, it is important to consider 1) durability, 2) easy maintenance, 3) economic advantage, and 4) flexibility.6. By making a questionnaire survey to the maintenance staffs of so-called "odd-shaped" buildings, and making interviews to the maintenance company staffs, the maintenance problems in "odd-shaped " buildings were revealed. Then the compatibility of maintenance-conscious design and form-oriented design was considered.7. Based on the maintenance data of 555 public facilities managed by Osaka City, maintenance level prediction model was developed for proper management planning.