A Study on Life Cycle Analysis of Energy Consumption and CO_2 Emission in Agriculture

本研究首先探讨生命周期分析的目的与系统，以将生命周期分析技术应用于农业领域。其次，对农业机械作业能耗和制造能耗的基础数据进行了调查和整理。并结合国外调研，对化肥生产能耗和CO2排放进行了分析和汇总。第三，收集了与德国有机农业的实际条件管理和设施/结构建设有关的案例数据，以审查/选择农业生命周期分析的情景。此外，还验证了遥感技术和地理信息系统技术，以掌握农村地区物质投入/产出的实际情况，作为建立生命周期分析清单的基础数据。与此相联系，农村种植业的空间分布， ...更多信息 与氮磷输入和摄入量有关的影响因素。获得了农田作物生产氮磷输入量和摄入量的空间格局。这些空间分布模式被认为是有效的检查区域物质循环系统和物质流的区域环境管理。此外，在阿曼畜牧业的物质流分析，包括定量的替代方案的研究有关的物质流模型。这一分析指出，物质流分析是审查可持续发展的有效方法。最后，生命周期的能源消耗和碳平衡的农业活动在灌区作为一个初步的案例研究，应用生命周期分析（LCA）的农村规划的目的。研究结果表明，生命周期碳平衡的研究可能有助于评估农村地区的农业活动的生态效率。通过这些分析和检验，阐明了生命周期分析方法在农业部门的有效性，并为该领域的检验提供了相关的基础数据。少

In this research, firstly the purpose and the system of LCA were examined in order to apply the technique of life cycle analysis to an agricultural field. Secondly, the basic data about the energy consumption in operation and manufacturing of the agricultural machine were investigated and compiled. Also, energy consumption and CO2 emission in chemical fertilizer manufacturing were analyzed and assembled including investigation abroad. Thirdly, the case-data collections in connection with management of the actual conditions of the organic farming in Germany and with facilities/structures constructions was carried out to examine/select the scenarios for the life cycle analysis in agriculture. Moreover, remote-sensing technology and GIS technology were verified in order to grasp the actual conditions of the material input/output within a rural area, as basic data to create the inventory for the life cycle analysis. Connectedly, the spatial distribution of the cropping units in rural area, … More which related to the nitrogen/phosphate inputs and intakes, is examined using remote sensing data. The spatial patterns of the amounts of both nitrogen/phosphate input and intake through crop production on farmlands are obtained. It is considered that those spatial distribution patterns are effective to examine regional material recycling system and material flows for regional environmental management.Furthermore, the material flow analysis in livestock farming in Oman was conducted, including the study of a quantitative alternative proposal concerning the material flow model. This analysis points out that material flow analysis is effective in examining sustainable development. Lastly, life cycle energy consumption and carbon balance on agricultural activities in an irrigation area are examined as a preliminary case study, for the purpose of applying Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) to the rural planning. The results suggest that a study on lifecycle C-balance might be useful to evaluate the eco-efficiency of the agricultural activities in rural area. Through these analysis and examinations, the effectiveness of an approach of the life cycle analysis in agricultural sector was clarified and the related basic data for the examinations in this field were compiled. Less