Macrophage scavenger receptor as a new macrophage marker

巨噬细胞清道夫受体（Macrophage Scavenger Receptor，MSR）是巨噬细胞的主要受体之一，在动脉粥样硬化的形成和宿主防御机制中发挥重要作用。用重组人I型MSR蛋白作为免疫原免疫MSR缺陷小鼠，制备单克隆抗体。免疫组化结果显示，所有抗体均识别组织巨噬细胞，如肺泡巨噬细胞、肝脏枯否细胞、脾脏红髓巨噬细胞、淋巴结窦巨噬细胞和各种器官间质巨噬细胞。脑中的血管周围巨噬细胞（Mato细胞）也对这些抗体呈阳性。新鲜分离的血液单核细胞为阴性;然而，培养1天后，这些抗体变为阳性。在培养的第3至5天，反应强度随着它们向巨噬细胞的分化而沿着变强。树突细胞，如淋巴组织的交错突细胞 ...更多信息 s和表皮郎格罕细胞均为阴性。在早期动脉粥样硬化病变中，这些抗体识别内膜中分散的巨噬细胞和动脉粥样硬化核心周围的泡沫状巨噬细胞。在各种炎症条件下，这些抗体识别浸润的巨噬细胞。结核和结节病上皮样肉芽肿中的上皮样细胞和多核巨细胞也呈阳性。每种抗体对动物物种显示出独特的反应模式。特别是，命名为SRA-E5的抗体识别各种动物物种的MSR分子，包括猴、牛、马、猪、比格犬、猫、兔、豚鼠、仓鼠、大鼠和小鼠。根据这些观察，认为这些抗体不仅可用于研究MSR的作用，而且可用于分析人和动物中的巨噬细胞分化。通过在第七届人类白细胞分化抗原研讨会和会议上对这些抗体的评价，MSR已被指定为一种新的CD分子，CD 204。少

Macrophage scavenger receptor (MSR) is one of the major receptors of macrophages and play important roles in atherogenesis and host defense mechanisms. Monoclonal antibodies were generated by immunizing MSR-deficient mice with a recombinant protein of human type I MSR as immunogen. Five antibodies were confirmed to be specific for MSR by Western blot analysis.Immunohistochemically, all antibodies recognized tissue macrophages such as alveolar macrophages, Kupffer cells in the liver, red pulp macrophages in the spleen, sinus macrophages in lymph nodes, and interstitial macrophages in various organs. Perivascular macrophages in the brain (Mato cells) were also positive for these antibodies. Freshly isolated blood monocytes were negative ; however, they became positive for these antibodies after 1 day in culture. At 3 to 5 days in culture the reaction intensity became stronger along their differentiation towards macrophages. Dendritic cells such as interdigitating cells of lymphoid tissue … More s and epidermal Langerhans cells were invariably negative. In early atherosclerotic lesions, these antibodies recognized scattered macrophages in intima and foamy macrophages in the periphery of atheromatous cores. In various inflammatory conditions, these antibodies recognized infiltrated macrophages. Epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells in epithelioid granuloma of tuberculosis and sarcoidosis were also positive. Each antibody showed a unique reaction pattern against animal species. Especially, an antibody named SRA-E5 recognized MSR molecules of various animal species including monkeys, cows, horses, swine, beagles, cats, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, rats, and mice. From these observations, these antibodies are considered to be useful not only for studying the role of MSRs but also for analyzing macrophage differentiation in human and animals. Through the evaluation of these antibodies at the 7th Workshop and Conference on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens MSR has been assigned to be a new CD molecule, CD204. Less