Cultural Perspective on Concepts of Health and Illness in Contemporary Societies.

本研究项目的目的是对当代日本社会中普通人的健康和疾病概念的社会文化结构进行社会学分析。实践目标是为建立专业部门与非专业部门之间的医学交流的理论背景做出学术贡献。我们运用定性和民族志的方法，对与健康有关的谈话、普通和临床环境中的谈话以及州一级的政治话语进行了研究，采用了两个理论框架，并在下面的句子中进行了检验。假设（1）：健康和疾病经验的一般概念是在他们的生命历程中社会文化建构的。假设（2）：一般意义上的健康与疾病体验可以分为两个相互介入的建构性社会过程：个体的生理性躯体体验的主观过程，即所谓的“躯体体验”，以及公共的认知体验的客观过程，即所谓的“公共认知体验”。“结果在下面的句子中逐项列出。结果（1）：在认识到公共健康促进的重要性的同时，我们也不能忽视文化中形成的“身体体验”认知过程对健康与疾病概念的建构。结果（2）：在日本，正规教育权威的衰落是当代新出现的公共和政治问题，我们面临着在传统的健康促进和建立社会健全的医疗传播之间的困境，以实现“健康作为整体”。"

The aim of this research project is sociological analysis for socio-cultural construction of health and illness concepts of ordinary people in contemporary Japanese society. And the practical goal is an academic contribution to establish theoretical background of medical communication between professional sector and layman's sector. We applid some qualitative and ethnographical methods to health-related advertisings, conversation in ordinary and clinical settings, and political discourses in states level.Two theoretical frameworks are adopted and tested in following sentences. Hypothesis (1) : The ordinary concept of health and illness experiences is socio-culturally constructed in their life courses. Hypothesis (2) : The ordinary concept of health and illness experiences would be analyzed in two intervening constructive social process ; individual subjective process of physiologically somatic experience, so called "body experience", and public objective process of cognitive experience, so called "public cognitive experience."The results are in itemized in following sentences. Result (1) : Even we recognize the importance of public health promotion, we cannot ignore culturally formed cognitive process of "body experience" contributing to construct the concept of health and illness. Result (2) : In Japan, the decline of authority of formal education is emerging public and political issue in contemporary, We are confronting the dilemma between toralistic health promotion and establishment of socially sound medical communication for "health as wholeness."