Population Cytogenetic and Anthropological Research on Emvironmental Pollution in Manila.

城市化有时会引起环境污染和人口流入都市地区等社会福利问题，形成城市贫民。本研究旨在建立环境污染物对马尼拉郊区垃圾场居民健康的细胞遗传学和生物学影响监测系统。在2000/2001年进行的一项实地调查中，我们发现从在严重污染的垃圾场生活了十多年的志愿者收集的外周血淋巴细胞中，姐妹染色单体交换（SCEs）的频率显著升高。结果表明，垃圾场的污染具有遗传毒性危险潜力，垃圾场清道夫暴露于诱发SCEs的环境诱变剂中。然而，很难具体说明污染物中所含的致突变成分。在我们调查之后，垃圾场被关闭了，居民被锁在外面。他们搬到了一个新建的垃圾场。与第一次调查的结果相反，2004年进行的第二次调查并没有发现空气污染指数明显上升。这种差异可能是由于当前居民区环境诱变剂水平下降所致。作为对照实验，对棉兰老岛南部金矿矿工进行了细胞遗传学研究。我们发现外周血淋巴细胞中结构染色体畸变的频率升高。为了比较这些群体在解毒代谢方面的遗传差异，我们分析了GSTP1和NAT2等多态性基因。

Urbanization sometimes causes social welfare issues such as environmental pollution and a flow of population into metropolitan area to form the urban poor. The purpose of this study was to establish systems to monitor the cytogenetic and biological effects of environmental pollutants on the health of residents of a dumpsite located in the suburbs of Manila. In a field survey conducted in 2000/2001, we detected a significant elevation of the frequencies of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in peripheral blood lymphocytes collected from volunteers who lived in the heavily polluted dumpsite for more than ten years. The results suggested that the pollution in the dumpsite had genotoxic hazardous potential, and the dumpsite scavengers had been exposed to environmental mutagens that induced SCEs. It was, however, difficult to specify the mutagenic components contained in pollutants. After our survey, the dumpsite was closed and the residents were locked out. They moved to a newly constructed dumpsite. In contrast with the results of our first survey, no significant elevation of SCEs was detected in the second survey conducted in 2004. This discrepancy may be attributed to the decreased level of environmental mutagens in current residential regions. As control experiments, cytogenetic studies were conducted on the miners of gold mines in southern part of Mindanao. We found an elevated frequency of structural chromosome aberrations in the peripheral blood lymphocytes. To compare the genetic differences of these populations in terms of detoxication metabolism, polymorphic genes such as GSTP1 and NAT2 were analyzed.