X-ray diffractometer, PDF

纳米结构物理学有一切手段来应对世界上的许多挑战，并取得具有社会和经济价值的发现。为了利用功能设备（传感器，电池，太阳能转换器）的设计和制造方面的进步，需要控制和理解纳米尺度上出现的独特特性。为了实现这一雄心勃勃的目标，制造工作必须与原位机械研究齐头并进。粉末X射线衍射和对分布函数（PDF）分析是理解结晶和非晶纳米材料的短程和长程有序性的基本方法。

Nanostructure physics has all means to tackle many of the world’s challenges and make discoveries that have societal and economical values. To leverage the advances made in design and fabrication of functional devices (sensors, batteries, solar-converters), the unique properties emerging at the nanoscale need to be controlled and understood. To reach this ambitious goal the fabrication efforts have to go hand-in-hand with in situ mechanistic studies. The powder X-ray diffraction and Pair Distribution Function (PDF) analysis are essential methods for the understanding of the short- and long- range ordering of crystalline and amorphous nanomaterials.