Development of a noble method for utilization of organic waste resources, open lactic acid fermentation of kitchen refuse is a good model of it

为了给有机废物经济转化的研究指明新的方向，我们在垃圾无灭菌乳酸(LA)发酵、鱼类微生物分析、多底物混合培养反应器系统和高粘度悬浮发酵系统中设置了三个主题：(1)建立了利用组和种特异性探针进行荧光原位杂交(FISH)的方法，发现植物乳杆菌在pH变幅控制发酵中选择性积累LA，并导致LA光学纯度下降。另一方面，在55℃接种嗜热的L-LA产生菌对L-LA的积累是有效的。FISH分析很好地证明了LA纯度与中温和嗜热LA细菌数量之间的关系。(2)为了确定支持特定微生物生长的条件，建立了一个新的共培养系统，该系统由三个微滤模块、发酵器和混合VESS…组成开发了更多的电致发光。共培养系统允许在每个发酵罐中培养单个微生物，并成功地交换培养基。通过与两种微生物共培养，从木糖和葡萄糖的混合物中高效地生产乳酸也取得了成功。在未灭菌的脱脂米糠同时糖化发酵过程中，一株LA细菌在保持pH为酸性的条件下可以专一生长，选择性地产生LA。(3)米根霉LA发酵过程中，通过降低水分来实现高粘度悬浮体系，但发酵所需氧气不足，LA产量降低。在葡萄糖连续发酵过程中，产物抑制作用较强。虽然淀粉不抑制发酵，但由于其粘度的原因，其浓度是有限制的。因此，在餐厨垃圾发酵中添加当量水是可取的。此外，还认为应将高淀粉含量的基质分批供应给系统。较少

In order to show new direction for investigation of economical transformation of organic waste, we set three subjects in the none-sterilizing lactic acid(LA) fermentation of garbage ; analyses of microbes by FISH, mixed culture reactor system with plural substrates, and high-viscous, suspended fermentation system.(1)Quantitative fluorescent In Situ hybridization(FISH) using group- and species- specific probes has established, and selective LA accumulation in the pH-swing control fermentation was found to be caused by L.plantarun, which also resulted decrease of optical purity of LA. On the other hand, inoculation of thermophilic L-LA producing bacteria at 55℃ was effective to accumulation of L-LA. FISH analysis demonstrated well the relationship between LA purity and populations of mesophilic and thermophilic LA bacteria.(2)To determine conditions for supporting growth of a specific microorganism, a new co-culture system with three microfiltration modules, fermentors, and a mixing vess … More el was developed. The co-culture system allowed the cultivation of the individual microorganism in each fermentor with the successful exchange of medium. Efficient production of LA from mixture of xylose and glucose by co-culture with two microorganisms also succeeded. In a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of unsterile defatted rice bran, a LA bacterium could grow specifically by keeping the pH acidic, with selective LA production.(3)In LA fermentation by Rhizopus oryzae, the high viscosity-suspension system was examined by reducing the water content, however, oxygen supply required for the fermentation was not enough and the LA yield lowered. Product inhibition is strong in the continuous fermentation of glucose. Although starch did not inhibit the fermentation, there was a limit in concentration due to its viscosity. As a result, addition of equivalent water was desirable in kitchen refuse fermentation. Also, it was considered that the substrate containing starch highly should be supplied in batch to the system. Less