a study on the life support system and the community in aged society with fewer children

本研究主要集中在以下两个方面。第一个方面是：如何在当地社区保障老年人的饮食习惯。对全国社区社会福利会议实施老年人日常膳食服务进行问卷调查；作为示范案例，对东京都和鹿儿岛县议会进行了采访。此外，还对澳大利亚和瑞典的同类服务进行了实地考察，作为国外的先进范例。基于总体结果，可以从评估、护理计划制定、资助措施、菜单制定、志愿者关系、客户投诉管理和生命安全确认等方面提出为老年人提供当地日常膳食服务的建议。此外，他们还建议在当地的购物中心提供日常餐饮服务。第二个方面是：如何为需要照顾的长者提供福利服务和设施。研究假设是：在区域的概念中，生活区可以与福利设施和服务分布区域相一致。以全国社区为对象进行问卷调查，考察是否以地区为概念，为需要照顾的老人提供福利设施和服务。在国家案例中，选择了几个具有区域概念的模范社区，并对福利部门的经理进行了采访。总体结果显示了日本福利服务的实际情况与一个地区的概念。此外，在瑞典进行了实地考察，以研究区域的概念是如何变化的。

This study focuses on the following two aspects. The first aspect is : how eating habit for the elderly should be secured in local communities. A questionnaire survey was conducted for national community social welfare conferences which implement daily meal services for the elderly ; and as the exemplary cases, interviews with the councils of Tokyo and Kagoshima prefectures were done. In addition, the same services in Australia and Sweden were examined through the fieldwork as the overseas advanced examples. Based on the overall results, recommendations to provide the local daily meal services for the elderly can be made in terms of assessment, care-planning development, funding measures, menu development, relationship with volunteers, customer complaint management, and life safety confirmation. Also, they proposed that the daily meal services can be provided in local shopping arcades.The second aspect is : how welfare services and facilities for the elderly in need for care should be provided. The study hypothesis is : a living sphere can be in consistency with welfare facility and service distribution area in the idea of an area. A questionnaire survey was conducted for national communities to examine whether welfare facilities and services were provided for the elderly in need for care under the idea of an area. Among the national cases, several exemplary communities with the idea of an area were selected, and interviews with the managers of the welfare divisions were done. The overall results showed the actual conditions of Japanese welfare services with the idea of an area. Additionally, fieldwork in Sweden was done to examine how the idea of an area has been changed.