Sino-Japanese comparative studies on occurrence and epidemiology of Kawasaki disease

本研究的目的是描述中国四个地区近5年来川崎病的流行规律，并与日本进行比较。研究区域为云南、四川、重庆和上海。所有在调查前5年期间住院的KD患者的病例记录均来自儿科设有病床的医院。将川崎病研究委员会批准的《川崎病调查表》和《川崎病诊断指南》下发至各儿科，并对此前调查的北京、广东、江苏、黑龙江、大连等6个地区的10个地区的流行病学图片进行比较。在发达地区发病率较高，如上海和北京，发病率是其他地区的5到10倍。大部分地区发病率呈逐年上升趋势，尤以北京、上海为甚，5年间发病率翻了一番。相比之下，中国的最低发病率与1969年的日本几乎相同，最高的发病率与1976年的日本相似。中国的男女比例为1.72.2，日本为1.3。大多数患者来自城市地区。中国的季节性变化没有日本那么明显。在大部分地区，秋冬季KD患者相对较少，但云南仅冬季KD患者较少。KD患者出现心脏后遗症的百分比因地区而异。陕西最高，为40%；重庆最高，为39%；黑龙江最低，为9%。报告死于KD 19例，病死率为0.3%。

The objective of the study is to describe epidemiological patterns of Kawasaki disease in four regions of China and to make a comparison between these areas and Japan, during recent 5 years. The research regions are Yunnan, Sichuan, Chongqing and Shanghai. All case records of hospitalized KD patients during 5-year period prior to the survey were retrieved from hospitals where department of pediatrics have hospital beds. The survey form and diagnostic guideline of Kawasaki disease that had been approved by the Kawasaki Disease Research Committee were sent to all pediatric departments.Epidemiologic pictures of ten areas including other 6 areas (Beijing, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Heilongjiang and Dalian) which we surveyed before were compared. Incidence rates was high in developed regions, such as Shanghai and Beijing where the incidence rates were 5 to 10 folds of the other regions. The incidence rate increased annually in most regions, especially in Beijing and Shanghai, the incidence rates increased twice during 5 years period. By comparison, the lowest incidence rate in China was almost the same as that in Japan in 1969, with the highest incidence was similar to that in Japan in 1976. Male female ratio in China is from 1.72.2 with 1.3 in Japan. Majority of the patients came from urban areas. The seasonal change in China was not as clear as in Japan. In most regions, KD patients were relatively less during autumn and winter, but in Yunnan, KD patients were less only in winter. The percentage of KD patients who developed cardiac sequelae varied between regions. The highest was 40% in Shannxi and 39% in Chongging, the lowest was 9% in Heilongjiang. Nineteen patients were reported died of KD, and the fatality rate was 0.3%.